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Alteration of Caco-2-bound DPP-4 activity by docked natural compounds. 16-hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide (HCD) and sitagliptin (DPP4i) were treated with differentiated Caco-2 for (A) 12 h and (B) 24 h and DPP-4 activity determined. All data were converted into a ratio with the untreated control and shown as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. * p < 0.05 was marked in the column significantly different with Con.
