Table 2.
The effect of crocin on psychological parameters in methadone maintenance treatment patients
| Variables | Placebo group (n = 25) | Crocin group (n = 25) | Difference in outcome measures between crocin and placebo treatment groupsa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Week 8 | Baseline | Week 8 | β (95% CI) | P b | |
| BDI score | 23.6 ± 6.6 | 24.7 ± 7.3 | 22.8 ± 5.4 | 17.6 ± 5.0 | −6.66 (−9.88,-3.45) | < 0.0001 |
| BAI score | 19.2 ± 4.0 | 19.2 ± 3.5 | 19.7 ± 6.6 | 15.3 ± 5.2 | −4.35 (−5.94, −2.75) | < 0.0001 |
| GHQ score | 35.6 ± 13.0 | 34.4 ± 12.23 | 34.8 ± 11.5 | 29.3 ± 10.2 | −4.45 (−7.68, −1.22) | 0.008 |
| PSQI | 6.7 ± 2.3 | 7.0 ± 2.6 | 6.4 ± 2.3 | 4.1 ± 1.8 | −2.73 (−3.74, −1.73) | < 0.0001 |
| IIEF | 22.0 ± 11.8 | 21.6 ± 12.1 | 21.0 ± 16.7 | 25.64 ± 16.5 | 4.98 (2.08, 7.88) | 0.001 |
Data are mean ± SDs
a“Outcome measures” refers to the change in values of measures of interest between baseline and week 8. β [difference in the mean outcomes measures between treatment groups (crocin group = 1 and placebo group = 0)]
bObtained from multiple regression model (adjusted for baseline age and BMI)
BDI Beck Depression Inventory, BAI Beck Anxiety Inventory, GHQ general health questionnaire, IIEF International Index of Erectile Functions, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index