Table 1.

Details of Experimental Injuries and Insults

Parameter	Experimental phase 1	Experimental phase 2	Experimental phase 3
Age	PND 7 or 21	PND 21	PND 30
Cortical impact	Scaled to displace 1% brain volume PND 7 = 1.04 cm in diameter and indenting to a depth of 4.8 mm PND 21 = 1.07 cm in diameter with 5.9-mm indention	Scaled to displace 1% brain volume: 1.07 cm in diameter with 5.9-mm indention	Scaled to displace 1% brain volume: 1.07 cm in diameter with 5.9-mm indention
Mass effect balloon	No balloon or 1–3 mL (2.4–7.2% of estimated brain weight); 15 min	1–3 mL (2.4–7.2% of estimated brain weight); 15 min	Scaled to 5% of estimated brain weight: PND 30 = 2.7 mL 15 min rostral +15 min caudal = 30 min total
Subdural hematoma	2–5 mL (4.8–12% of estimated brain weight) with or without epidural blood (3 mL, 7.2%)	1.5–4.5 mL (3.6–10.9% of estimated brain weight; average = 2.8 ± 0.11).	Scaled to 10% of estimated brain volume: PND 30 = 5.2 mL blood
Seizure permissive anesthesia	Methohexital (1.5 mg/kg bolus, 50–150 μg/kg/min infusion)	Methohexital (1.5 mg/kg bolus, 50–150 μg/kg/min infusion)	Dexmedetomidine (20 μg/kg/h), morphine (3.5 mg/kg/h), chlorpromazine (2 mg/kg bolus)
Epileptic agent	2.0–2.5 mg/kg bicuculline (IV)	2.5 mg/kg bicuculline (IV)	Kainic acid (42 μg/kg); intraparenchymal or mixed with the subdural blood
Apnea	2 rounds of 2–3 min of apnea	2 rounds of 3 min of apnea	1 round of 1 min of apnea
Hypoventilation	2 rounds of 5–10 min	2 rounds of 10 min	1 round of 10 min
Time recovered	None	None	0–12 h
Survival duration	10 h	9 h	24–25 h
Early death	1 of 4; 25%	4 of 20; 20%	1 of 12; 8%

See Figs. 1–3 for the depiction of timing.

IV, intravenous; PND, post-natal day.