Table 5.

Observed prevalence and adjusted odds and prevalence of pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity (BMI ≥25) among women in 31 ethnic-immigrant groups, United States, 2012–2014 (N=10, 431, 092)

Ethnic-immigrant group	Prevalence percent	Prevalence ratio	Model 11			Model 22			Covariate-adjusted
			OR	95% CI		OR	95% CI		Prevalence	SE
Non-Hispanic white, US-born	47.06	1.00	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference		47.17	0.02
Non-Hispanic white, immigrant	35.87	0.76∗	0.63	0.63	0.63	0.64	0.64	0.65	36.80	0.08
Non-Hispanic black, US-born	61.70	1.31∗	1.81	1.81	1.82	1.84	1.83	1.85	61.66	0.05
Non-Hispanic black, immigrant	56.11	1.19∗	1.44	1.43	1.45	1.32	1.31	1.34	53.93	0.11
American Indian/Alaska Native	61.69	1.31∗	1.81	1.79	1.84	1.71	1.69	1.73	60.01	0.16
Chinese, US-born	24.07	0.51∗	0.36	0.35	0.37	0.43	0.42	0.45	28.39	0.34
Chinese, immigrant	12.10	0.26∗	0.16	0.15	0.16	0.17	0.16	0.17	13.42	0.10
Japanese, US-born	30.27	0.64∗	0.49	0.46	0.52	0.55	0.51	0.59	33.27	0.72
Japanese, immigrant	10.48	0.22∗	0.13	0.13	0.14	0.13	0.12	0.14	10.91	0.27
Hawaiian	61.29	1.30∗	1.78	1.63	1.95	1.72	1.57	1.88	60.15	1.07
Filipino, US-born	43.79	0.93∗	0.88	0.85	0.90	0.96	0.93	0.98	46.10	0.33
Filipino, immigrant	30.90	0.66∗	0.50	0.49	0.51	0.51	0.50	0.52	31.62	0.19
Asian Indian, US-born	33.04	0.70∗	0.56	0.54	0.57	0.67	0.65	0.70	37.88	0.38
Asian Indian, immigrant	36.24	0.77∗	0.64	0.63	0.65	0.78	0.77	0.79	41.27	0.13
Korean, US-born	23.35	0.50∗	0.34	0.33	0.36	0.41	0.39	0.43	27.15	0.52
Korean, immigrant	18.22	0.39∗	0.25	0.24	0.26	0.28	0.27	0.29	20.38	0.23
Vietnamese, US-born	28.49	0.61∗	0.45	0.43	0.47	0.51	0.49	0.54	31.89	0.48
Vietnamese, immigrant	12.18	0.26∗	0.16	0.15	0.16	0.14	0.14	0.14	11.56	0.14
Samoan	86.28	1.83∗	7.07	6.54	7.64	6.97	6.44	7.54	85.52	0.49
Other API, US-born	46.42	0.99∗	0.97	0.96	0.99	1.04	1.02	1.06	48.07	0.20
Other API, immigrant	36.72	0.78∗	0.65	0.64	0.66	0.62	0.61	0.63	36.03	0.15
Mexican, US-born	58.45	1.24∗	1.58	1.57	1.59	1.73	1.72	1.73	60.22	0.06
Mexican, immigrant	57.47	1.22∗	1.52	1.51	1.53	1.31	1.30	1.32	53.68	0.06
Puerto Rican, mainland US-born	56.01	1.19∗	1.43	1.42	1.45	1.49	1.47	1.50	56.71	0.14
Puerto Rican, Puerto Rico-born	52.84	1.12∗	1.26	1.23	1.29	1.29	1.26	1.32	53.37	0.29
Cuban, US-born	50.45	1.07∗	1.15	1.12	1.18	1.23	1.20	1.26	52.22	0.32
Cuban, immigrant	42.81	0.91∗	0.84	0.82	0.86	0.80	0.78	0.82	41.71	0.30
Central/South American, US-born	53.73	1.14∗	1.31	1.28	1.33	1.49	1.47	1.52	56.82	0.21
Central/South American, immigrant	50.34	1.07∗	1.14	1.13	1.15	1.02	1.01	1.03	47.65	0.10
Other Hispanic, US-born	56.66	1.20∗	1.47	1.46	1.48	1.61	1.60	1.62	58.61	0.09
Other Hispanic, immigrant	51.12	1.09∗	1.18	1.16	1.19	1.09	1.08	1.11	49.30	0.15

OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; API = Asian/Pacific Islander. ^∗Statistically significant at p < 0.05. ¹Unadjusted for the effects of other covariates. ²Adjusted for race/ethnicity, maternal age, parity, marital status, nativity, maternal education, and place and region of residence. Source: data derived from the 2012–2014 US National Natality data files.