Table 3:

Association of HIV Disease Severity Measures and Antiretroviral Treatment with Selected Cardiac Biomarkers

		Unadjusted*		Adjusted*
HIV Measure	Biomarkers	Change in Biomarker Level (95% CI)	P value	% Change in Biomarker Level (95% CI)	P value
CD4 T-Cell Count <350 cells/µL	sTNF-RII	24.5 (7.7, 43.8)	0.003	26.4 (8.5, 47.1)	0.003
	IL-18	34.9 (3.4, 76.0)	0.027	37.9 (5.7, 79.9)	0.018
Nadir CD4% <15%	NT-proBNP	−20.6 (−38.7, 2.8)	0.080	−7.0 (−26.3, 17.4)	0.54
	hsCRP	60.6 (8.1, 138.7)	0.019	56.8 (3.5, 137.5)	0.034
HIV-1 RNA >400 copies/mL	TNF-α	27.1 (6.2, 52.2)	0.009	30.7 (8.1, 57.9)	0.006
	sTNF-RII	33.5 (21.0, 47.2)	<0.001	31.9 (19.4, 45.7)	<0.001
	IL-10	33.8 (10.3, 62.3)	0.003	34.4 (10.7, 63.2)	0.003
	IL-18	48.7 (27.5, 73.6)	<0.001	51.0 (29.5, 76.1)	<0.001
Peak HIV-1 RNA ≥100,000 copies/mL	IL-1	30.8 (4.0, 64.5)	0.021	29.2 (3.0, 62.1)	0.027
Currently on HAART	sTNF-RII	−20.2 (−30.7, −8.1)	0.002	−19.9 (−30.5, −7.8)	0.002
	IL-10	−20.4 (−38.8, 3.7)	0.091	−20.3 (−38.9, 3.9)	0.093

HAART=highly active antiretroviral therapy, CI=confidence interval; NT-proBNP=N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide; hsCRP=high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; TNF-α=tumor necrosis factor-α; sTNF RII=soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor Type II; IL=interleukin

^*Table includes only those associations with p<0.10 in either unadjusted or adjusted models. Percent change in biomarker level is based on exponentiating coefficient of GEE linear regression model for log-transformed biomarker for the corresponding HIV disease severity measure or antiretroviral regimen.

All adjusted GEE linear regression models were adjusted for age at biomarker assessment. Additional covariates included in adjusted models were, For NT-proBNP: BMI Z-score, sex, and ethnicity; For hsCRP: BMI Z-score, race, and ethnicity; For TNF-α: sex; For sTNF-RII: BMI Z-score.