Table 1.

Clinical performance of PSA glycoprofiling in serum samples as a diagnostic PCa biomarker. PCa, prostate cancer patients; BPH, patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia; AUC, area under the curve in a receiver operating curve; sens., sensitivity; specif., specificity; ⁱ, not exactly the grey zone, but tPSA was below 13 ng ml⁻¹; ⁱⁱ, %fPSA level in the range 10–20%; PHI, prostate health index; SA, sialic acid; ND, not determined, SNA, Sambucus nigra agglutinin; MAA, Maackia amurensis agglutinin; ⁱⁱⁱ, training test using 100 serum samples; ^iv, validation test using 314 serum samples; HYB4 Ab, antibody specific towards α-2,3 sialic acid; WFA, Wisteria floribunda agglutinin; UEA-I, Ulex europaeus agglutinin I; Fuc, fucose; highlights in grey: studies performed with serum samples having tPSA level in a grey zone.