Table 2.

Results from analyses in which the presence of social parasites in bumblebees and Myrmica ants is modelled using logistic regression (all species as independent observations, 229 bumblebee species and 63 Myrmica ant species) and phylogenetic logistic regressions (182 bumblebee species and 63 Myrmica ant species). Two different models were used for bumblebees: one with every species known to host parasites (‘all parasitism’, 34 parasitized bumblebee species) and one including only host species where breeding cuckoo bumblebee queens have been observed (‘breeding queen’, 24 parasitized bumblebee species). Explanatory variables were geographical range size (GRS, number of 611 000 km² grids) and GRS². If GRS² was not statistically significant, only the model with GRS is presented.

variable	logistic regression				phylogenetic logistic regression
	estimate	s.e.	Wald	p-value	estimate	s.e.	t	p-value
bumblebees
all parasitism
intercept	−5.213	0.739	49.78	<0.001	0.008	0.446	0.02	0.985
GRS	0.272	0.052	27.60	<0.001	0.012	0.002	6.57	<0.001
GRS2	−0.003	0.001	17.16	<0.001
breeding queen
intercept	−5.525	0.873	40.08	<0.001	0.014	0.438	0.03	0.974
GRS	0.249	0.058	18.49	<0.001	0.010	0.053	4.72	<0.001
GRS2	−0.003	0.001	11.02	0.001
ants
intercept	−2.727	0.607	20.199	<0.001	0.072	0.242	0.30	0.766
GRS	0.105	0.043	5.960	0.015	0.009	0.005	1.85	0.069