Table 5.
OR to develop symptoms between BL and FUP in relation to total screen time. Significant associations are displayed in bold.
| Symptom | New Symptom (Total N) |
Crude OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted 2
OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure status BL/exposure status FUP 4 | |||
| Zerssen: Tiredness 1 (N = 425) | |||
| Exposed/non exposed 3 | 24 (75) | 1.00 (0.55–1.79) | 1.04 (0.55–1.97) |
| Non exposed/non exposed | 50 (161) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Exposed/exposed | 51 (124) | 1.55 (0.96–2.52) | 1.65 (0.95–2.89) |
| Non exposed/exposed | 11 (65) | 0.45 (0.22–0.92) | 0.42 (0.20–0.91) |
| Zerssen: Exhaustibility (N = 669) | |||
| Exposed/non exposed 3 | 16 (109) | 1.40 (0.71–2.76) | 1.62 (0.80–3.3) |
| Non exposed/non exposed | 24 (232) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Exposed/exposed | 38 (223) | 1.76 (1.02–3.03) | 2.23 (1.21–4.13) |
| Non exposed/exposed | 13 (105) | 1.33 (0.67–2.64) | 0.91 (0.45–3.06) |
| Zerssen: Lack of energy (N = 660) | |||
| Exposed/non exposed 3 | 16 (110) | 1.32 (0.69–2.54) | 1.35 (0.67–2.74) |
| Non exposed/non exposed | 27 (230) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Exposed/exposed | 42 (217) | 1.76 (1.04–2.96) | 1.61 (0.89–2.93) |
| Non exposed/exposed | 15 (103) | 1.37 (0.71–2.63) | 1.59 (0.79–3.2) |
| Zerssen: Lack of concentration (N = 639) | |||
| Exposed/non exposed 3 | 12 (107) | 1.66 (0.75–3.69) | 1.72 (0.74–4.04) |
| Non exposed/non exposed | 17 (222) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Exposed/exposed | 38 (213) | 2.90 (1.55–5.42) | 3.18 (1.56–6.48) |
| Non exposed/exposed | 10 (97) | 1.61 (0.71–3.63) | 1.93 (0.81–4.62) |
| Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) (N = 640) | |||
| Exposed/non exposed 3 | 6 (100) | 0.44 (0.18–1.10) | 0.50 (0.19–1.28) |
| Non exposed/non exposed | 27 (227) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Exposed/exposed | 30 (215) | 1.13 (0.65–1.95) | 1.14 (0.60–2.18) |
| Non exposed/exposed | 11 (98) | 0.84 (0.4–1.77) | 1.06 (0.47–2.36) |
| KIDSCREEN-52: Physical well-being 4 (N = 540) | |||
| Exposed/non exposed 3 | 24 (94) | 2.05 (1.11–3.78) | 2.01 (1.04–3.88) |
| Non exposed/non exposed | 26 (198) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Exposed/exposed | 50 (159) | 2.79 (1.66–4.7) | 2.36 (1.30–4.29) |
| Non exposed/exposed | 17 (89) | 1.79 (0.95–3.37) | 1.98 (1.00–3.93) |
1 Number of observations relate to the symptom-free participants at BL. 2 Model I adjusted for age, sex, class level at BL, nationality, school level, bmi at FUP, caffeine consumption at FUP, physical activity at FUP, smoking status at FUP, alcohol consumption at FUP, area of residence, education of parents, number of days between BL and FUP and body height difference between BL and FUP. 3 Exposure status relates to total daily time spent in front of screens (TV, PC, laptop, tablet or and actively online on the mobile phone). Exposed = individual total screen time above median (median at BL: 180.8 min/day; median at FUP: 173.6 min/day). 4 OR relates to the new occurrence of bad physical well-being. CI: Confidence Interval. OR: Odds Ratio.