Table 1.
Participant Characteristics
| Characteristic | Total (N = 351) | Intervention (n = 176) | Usual care (n = 175) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 239 (68) | 120 (68) | 119 (68) | |
| Male | 112 (32) | 56 (32) | 56 (32) | |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic black | 183 (52) | 94 (53) | 89 (51) | |
| Non-Hispanic white | 102 (29) | 51 (29) | 54 (31) | |
| Hispanic (all races) | 44 (13) | 23 (13) | 21 (12) | |
| Non-Hispanic other/unreported | 19 (5) | 8 (5) | 11 (6) | |
| Education | ||||
| Less than high school graduate | 51 (15) | 23 (13) | 28 (16) | |
| High school graduate or GED | 125 (36) | 70 (40) | 55 (31) | |
| Some college or vocational/trade school | 139 (40) | 70 (40) | 69 (39) | |
| 4-year college degree or higher | 36 (10) | 13 (7) | 23 (13) | |
| Annual household income | ||||
| 0–$11,999 | 70 (20) | 28 (16) | 42 (24) | |
| $12,000–$24,999 | 110 (31) | 66 (38) | 44 (25) | |
| $25,000–$34,999 | 56 (16) | 34 (19) | 22 (13) | |
| $35,000–$49,999 | 46 (13) | 25 (14) | 21 (12) | |
| ≥ $50,000 | 26(7) | 10 (6) | 16 (9) | |
| Unknown or unreported | 43 (12) | 13 (7) | 30 (17) | |
| Living under 2014 U.S. Census poverty threshold | ||||
| Below | 104 (30) | 49 (28) | 55 (31) | |
| Borderline | 56 (16) | 31 (18) | 25 (14) | |
| Above | 144 (41) | 81 (46) | 63 (36) | |
| Unknown | 47 (13) | 15 (9) | 32 (18) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Not married or living with partner | 178 (51) | 88 (50) | 90 (51) | |
| Married or living with partner | 172 (49) | 88 (50) | 84 (48) | |
| Unreported | 1(0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | |
| Current employment | ||||
| Yes, full- or part-time | 234 (67) | 123 (70) | 111 (63) | |
| No | 110 (31) | 50 (28) | 60 (34) | |
| Unreported | 7 (2) | 3 (2) | 4 (2) | |
| Health insurance | ||||
| Yes | 176 (50) | 89 (51) | 87 (50) | |
| No | 175 (50) | 87 (49) | 88 (50) | |
| Current smoker | ||||
| No | 257 (73) | 128 (73) | 129 (74) | |
| Yes | 93 (26) | 48 (27) | 45 (26) | |
| Unreported | 1 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | |
| Diagnosis | ||||
| Diabetes only | 12 (3) | 6 (3) | 6 (3) | |
| Hypertension only | 103 (29) | 52 (30) | 51 (29) | |
| Hyperlipidemia only | 32 (9) | 19 (11) | 13 (7) | |
| Diabetes and hypertension | 42 (12) | 19 (11) | 23 (13) | |
| Diabetes and hyperlipidemia | 20 (6) | 9 (5) | 11 (6) | |
| Hypertension and hyperlipidemia | 69 (20) | 31 (18) | 38 (22) | |
| Diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia | 73 (21) | 40 (23) | 33 (19) | |
| Depression | ||||
| PHQ-8 score less than 10 | 282 (80) | 153 (87) | 129 (74) | |
| PHQ-8 score 10 or greater | 67 (19) | 23 (13) | 44 (25) | |
| Unknown | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 2 (1) | |
| Age, M (SD), years | 50.7 (8.9) | 50.9 (9.1) | 50.5 (8.7) | |
| Weight, M (SD), kg | 99.3 (14.1) | 98.9 (14.4) | 99.7 (13.8) | |
| BMI, M (SD) | 35.9 (3.9) | 35.9 (4.1) | 35.9 (3.7) | |
| Waist circumference, M (SD), cm | 114.7 (10.2) | 114.4 (10.2) | 115.0 (10.2) | |
| Blood pressure, M (SD), mm Hg | ||||
| Systolic | 130.0 (17.5) | 130.1 (17.4) | 130.0 (17.6) | |
| Diastolic | 82.0 (11.7) | 82.1 (11.6) | 81.9 (11.8) | |
| Fasting lipid profile, M (SD) [n], mg/dL | ||||
| Triglycerides | 160.8 (101.2) [340] | 157.4 (96.7) [169] | 164.0 (105.7) [171] | |
| LDL | 110.8 (33.9) [323] | 109.8 (31.7) [161] | 111.7 (34.1) [162] | |
| HDL | 44.1 (14.0) [340] | 44.7 (14.1) [169] | 43.6 (13.8) [171] | |
| Total cholesterol | 187.2 (38.0) [343] | 185.9 (35.0) [172] | 188.6 (40.9) [171] | |
| Fasting glucose | 117.5 (49.1) [344] | 119.4 (52.1) [172] | 115.7 (46.0) [172] | |
| HbAlc, M (SD) [n], % | 6.6 (1.6) [333] | 6.6 (1.7) [165] | 6.5 (1.6) [168] | |
Note: Data presented as n (%) unless otherwise indicated. SI conversion factors: To convert cholesterol to mmol/L, multiply values by 0.0259; triglycerides to mmol/L, multiply values by 0.0113; fasting glucose to mmol/L, multiply values by 0.0555.
HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaire; SI, International System of Units.