Table 1.
The expression and function of BVES in human cancers
| Cancer | BVES expression | Detection method | Detection objects | Implied function | BVES with clinicopathological features | Publication year | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| NSCLC | ↓ | MethyLight assay | 49 paired NSCLC and matched normal tissues | Monitoring and detecting tumor recurrence in early-stage NSCLC after curative surgical resection | Not mentioned | 2008 | 18 |
| GC | ↓ | qPCR, MeDIP, BS-seq, pyrosequencing | 76 paired GC and normal tissues; 11 GC cell lines | Epigenetic inactivation of BVES promotes GC cell migration and invasion | None | 2010 | 20 |
| ↓ | IHC | 306 GC and 78 noncancerous gastric tissues | Potential biomarker for GC prognosis | Correlated with histological differentiation, depth of invasion, regional lymph nodes and distant metastasis, and TNM stages | 2012 | 21 | |
| UM | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | 3 UM cell lines (OM431, OMM1, and OMM2.3) | Modulating signaling pathways relevant to proliferation | Not mentioned | 2011 | 23 |
| CRC | ↓ | qPCR, Affymetrix array | 10 normal samples, 6 adenomas, and 250 CRC samples; 18 matched CRC and normal tissues | BVES prevents EMT and impairs growth and metastasis of an orthotopic xenograft | Correlated with CRC stage | 2011 | 23 |
| ↓ | Infinium HumanMethylation450 array screen, Pyrosequencing, RNAscope | 17 patients do not have UC 11 patients with UC do not have dysplasia or carcinoma, 10 patients with UC, and 10 patients with UC who have dysplasia/carcinoma | Loss of BVES promotes inflammatory tumorigenesis through dysregulation of WNT signaling | Not mentioned | 2017 | 25 | |
| HCC | ↓ | qPCR, WB, IHC | 21 HCC and corresponding paracancerous tissues; 4 HCC cell lines (Huh7, HepG2, SMMC-7721, and SK-HEP-1) | Downregulation of BVES induces EMT | None | 2014 | 31 |
| ↓ | qPCR, WB, IF | 37 HCC and matched nontumor tissues; 5 HCC cell lines (Huh7, SMMC7721, HepG2, MHCCLM3, and SK-Hep-1) | BVES inhibits migration and invasion of HCC cells and is regulated by netrin-1 via PI3K/AKT pathway | None | 2015 | 32 | |
| ↓ | MethyLight assay | 98 patients with HCC, 75 patients with LC, 90 patients with CHB, and 80 healthy individuals | Combined detection of the methylation of BVES, RASSF1A, and HOXA9 gene promoters in serum and AFP could significantly improve HBV-related HCC diagnoses | Not mentioned | 2017 | 34 | |
| BC | ↓ | IHC | 6 benign lesion, 9 DCIS, and 95 BC | BVES is suppressed in BC and can potentially be targeted to inhibit EGFR-mediated cell migration and proliferation | None | 2017 | 35 |
| ↓ | WB, ICC | BC cell lines (MDA231, SKBR3, MCF7, and MCF10A) | BVES inhibits BC cell migration and proliferation | Not mentioned | 2017 | 36 | |
Abbreviations: BC, breast cancer; BS-seq, bisulfite sequencing; CHB, chronic hepatitis B; CRC, colorectal carcinoma; DCIS, ductal carcinoma in situ; EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition; GC, gastric cancer; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; ICC, immunocytochemical analysis; IF, immunofluorescence staining; IHC, Immunohistochemistry; LC, liver cirrhosis; MeDIP, methylated DNA immunoprecipitation; NSCLC, non-small-cell lung cancer; qPCR, quantitative PCR; UM, uveal melanoma; WB, Western blot.