Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of mothers participating in selected Demographic and Health Surveys
| N (%)a | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | Year | Nb | Formally Employed (n = 40,723)b,c | Informally Employed (n = 46,970)b,c | ≥ Primary Education (n = 81,477)b | Overweight (n = 48,421)b,d |
| Bangladesh | 2011 | 6224 | 564 (9.0%) | 130 (2.1%) | 3929 (63%) | 776 (12%) |
| Benin | 2011–12 | 6372 | 2658 (42%) | 1738 (28%) | 999 (16%) | 1672 (27%) |
| Burkina Faso | 2010 | 4204 | 659 (16%) | 2802 (66%) | 348 (8.2%) | 381 (9.0%) |
| Cambodia | 2014 | 3477 | 1527 (43%) | 1165 (33%) | 1578 (44%) | 610 (17%) |
| Cameroon | 2011 | 2965 | 962 (32%) | 1301 (44%) | 1530 (51%) | 928 (31%) |
| Colombiae | 2010 | 11,809 | 4071 (38%) | 2734 (25%) | 9386 (87%) | 4832 (45%) |
| Comoros | 2012 | 1468 | 341 (23%) | 286 (19%) | 584 (39%) | 703 (47%) |
| Cote d’Ivoire | 2011–12 | 2017 | 544 (28%) | 900 (47%) | 355 (19%) | 444 (23%) |
| DRC | 2013–14 | 4293 | 697 (16%) | 2753 (65%) | 2014 (48%) | 638 (15%) |
| Dominican Republic | 2013 | 2385 | 1147 (48%) | 227 (10%) | 1846 (78%) | 1202 (51%) |
| Egypt | 2014 | 9765 | 1090 (11%) | 238 (2.4%) | 7517 (77%) | 7762 (80%) |
| Ethiopia | 2011 | 6095 | 874 (14%) | 2659 (42%) | 434 (6.8%) | 276 (4.3%) |
| Ghana | 2014 | 1760 | 807 (47%) | 612 (36%) | 998 (59%) | 703 (41%) |
| Guinea | 2012 | 1978 | 470 (24%) | 1120 (57%) | 239 (12%) | 347 (18%) |
| Haiti | 2012 | 2879 | 879 (32%) | 845 (30%) | 1259 (45%) | 734 (26%) |
| Honduras | 2011–12 | 7368 | 2262 (32%) | 1219 (17%) | 4786 (68%) | 3684 (53%) |
| Kyrgyz Republicf | 2012 | 2686 | 559 (22%) | 86 (3.4%) | 2261 (89%) | 858 (34%) |
| Lesotho | 2014 | 1034 | 248 (25%) | 153 (15%) | 814 (81%) | 463 (46%) |
| Liberia | 2013 | 2110 | 562 (30%) | 610 (32%) | 640 (34%) | 464 (24%) |
| Malawi | 2010 | 3026 | 508 (17%) | 1750 (57%) | 789 (26%) | 502 (16%) |
| Mali | 2012–13 | 2308 | 301 (13%) | 658 (28%) | 220 (9.4%) | 382 (16%) |
| Mozambique | 2011 | 5848 | 601 (10%) | 2296 (38%) | 1157 (19%) | 812 (13%) |
| Namibia | 2013 | 1376 | 440 (34%) | 126 (10%) | 1012 (79%) | 416 (32%) |
| Nepal | 2011 | 1681 | 182 (11%) | 1073 (62%) | 738 (43%) | 173 (10%) |
| Niger | 2012 | 2771 | 316 (11%) | 413 (15%) | 172 (6.1%) | 504 (18%) |
| Nigeria | 2013 | 15,052 | 8243 (54%) | 2598 (17%) | 7288 (48%) | 3772 (25%) |
| Pakistan | 2012–13 | 2106 | 292 (14%) | 303 (14%) | 815 (38%) | 711 (33%) |
| Perug | 2012 | 7202 | 3267 (49%) | 1341 (20%) | 5542 (82%) | 4041 (60%) |
| Rwanda | 2010 | 2721 | 277 (10%) | 2210 (80%) | 649 (24%) | 439 (16%) |
| Sierra Leone | 2013 | 3194 | 583 (18%) | 2071 (64%) | 706 (22%) | 520 (16%) |
| Tajikistan | 2012 | 2957 | 334 (11%) | 496 (16%) | 2902 (95%) | 845 (28%) |
| Tanzania | 2010 | 4269 | 750 (17%) | 3103 (71%) | 2772 (63%) | 821 (19%) |
| Timor-Leste | 2009–10 | 4724 | 317 (6.7%) | 1478 (31%) | 2431 (51%) | 281 (5.9%) |
| Togo | 2013–14 | 2073 | 1046 (53%) | 633 (32%) | 638 (32%) | 559 (28%) |
| Uganda | 2011 | 1187 | 372 (32%) | 540 (47%) | 419 (36%) | 203 (18%) |
| Yemen | 2013 | 8476 | 312 (3.7%) | 512 (6.1%) | 3961 (48%) | 2217 (27%) |
| Zambia | 2013–14 | 7520 | 1414 (19%) | 2915 (39%) | 4001 (53%) | 1652 (22%) |
| Zimbabwe | 2010–11 | 3388 | 522 (15%) | 876 (26%) | 2931 (87%) | 1003 (30%) |
| Total | 162,768 | 40,998 (25%) | 46,970 (29%) | 80,659 (50%) | 47,330 (29%) | |
DRC Democratic Republic of Congo
aNumber of observations (percentage) were estimated using the country sample weight
bTotal sample size in each country and by subgroup (e.g. total formally employed) are unweighted
cType of employment was based on 4 following indicators: employment during the last 12 months (yes, no); aggregate occupation category (skilled, unskilled); type of earnings (cash only, cash and in-kind, in-kind only, unpaid); and seasonality of employment (all year, seasonally/occasionally)
dOverweight was defined as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2
eEmployment type was based on employment status, occupation category and earnings only because seasonality of employment was not queried in this survey
fMaternal education level was dichotomized as < secondary level of education complete and ≥ secondary level of education complete
gEmployment type was based on employment status, type of earnings, and seasonality only because occupation type was not queried in this survey