Table 1.

Studies of fluoroquinolone-containing regimens used as basis for 2017 WHO DS-TB treatment guidelines update

	REMoxTB	RIFAQUIN	OFLOTUB
Control arm	HRZE × 8 weeks followed by HR × 18 weeks	HRZE × 8 weeks followed by HR × 16 weeks	HRZE × 8 weeks followed by HR × 16 weeks
Experimental arms	Arm 1: HRZE × 8 weeks followed by HRM × 9 weeks Arm 2: MRZE × 8 weeks followed by RM × 9 weeks	Arm 1: MRZE × 8 weeks followed by MPZE twice weekly × 8 weeks Arm 2: MRZE x weeks followed by MPZE once weekly × 16 weeks	HRZG × 8 weeks followed by HRG × 8 weeks
HIV eligibility criteria	PLWH already on ART and with CD4 < 250 cells/ml3 were ineligible N=110 PLWH (7%) enrolled; median CD4 not reported	PLWH who required ART were initially ineligible; as the trial progressed, PLWH were eligible CD4 count < 200 cells/ml3 were initially ineligible, but this was subsequently amended to 150 cells/ml3 N=158 PLWH (27%) enrolled; median CD4 314 cells/ml (IQR 253–441 cells/ml3)	PLWH with WHO stage 3 infection (except those presenting with only the loss of weight criterion) and all PLWH with WHO stage 4 infection were ineligible N=110 PLWH (7%) enrolled; median CD4 not reported
Primary outcome	Unfavorable outcomes: Treatment failure or relapse within 18 months of randomization	Unfavorable outcomes: Treatment failure, relapse or death within 12–18 months of randomization	Unfavorable outcomes: Treatment failure, recurrence, study withdrawal or death within 24 months after end of treatment
Secondary outcome	Grade 3 or 4 adverse events	Grade 3 or 4 adverse events	Serious adverse events
Results	Unfavorable outcomes were more frequent in both experimental arms compared to the control arm. No significant difference in grade 3 or 4 adverse events between arms. No significant difference in 8 week culture conversion although both experimental arms had shorter time to culture conversion on solid and liquid media.	The 6-month experimental arm was as effective as the control arm and the 4-month arm was not noninferior to the control arm with respect to unfavorable outcomes No significant difference in grade 3 or 4 adverse events between arms.	The experimental arm was not noninferior to the control arm with respect to unfavorable outcomes No significant difference in serious adverse events between arms
HIV subgroup analyses	No difference in unfavorable outcomes according to HIV status	No difference in unfavorable outcomes according to HIV status	Fewer unfavorable outcomes in the experimental group compared to the control group

E, ethambutol; G, gatifloxacin; H, isoniazid; M, moxifloxacin; P, rifapentine; PLWH, people living with HIV; R, rifampin; Z, pyrazinamide.