Table 1.
Demographic and medication data of all PD patients and patients with and without EDS.
| Variable | Total | With EDS | Without EDS | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 1,221 | n = 416 | n = 805 | ||
| Male sex, n (%)a | 661 (54.1%) | 249 (59.9%) | 412 (51.2%) | 0.004* |
| Age (years)b | 61.5 ± 9.9 | 63.8 ± 9.5 | 60.31 ± 9.9 | < 0.001* |
| Age at PD onset, (years)b | 56.4 ± 10.6 | 58.1 ± 10.2 | 55.5 ± 10.7 | < 0.001* |
| Disease duration (years)b | 5.1 ± 4.5 | 5.7 ± 4.8 | 4.8 ± 4.2 | < 0.001* |
| Educational level, n (%)a | < 0.001* | |||
| None/first level, n (%) | 457 (37.4%) | 183 (44.0%) | 274 (34.0%) | |
| Secondary level/high school, n (%) | 635 (52.0%) | 181 (43.5%) | 454 (56.4%) | |
| University, n (%) | 129 (10.6%) | 52 (12.5%) | 77 (9.6%) | |
| Smoking, n (%)a | 280 (22.9%) | 100 (24.0%) | 180 (22.4%) | 0.509 |
| Alcohol, n (%)a | 260 (21.3%) | 104 (25.0%) | 156 (19.4%) | 0.023* |
| Tea drinking, n (%)a | 142 (11.6%) | 51 (12.3%) | 91 (11.3%) | 0.622 |
| Pesticide exposure, n (%)a | 225 (18.4%) | 79 (19.0%) | 146 (18.1%) | 0.715 |
| BMIb | 22.6 ± 3.7 | 22.2 ± 4.0 | 22.6 ± 4.1 | 0.125 |
| LEDb | 325.1 ± 302.8 | 338.6 ± 292.0 | 318.1 ± 308.2 | 0.265 |
a
Chi-squared test.
b
t-test.
*
Statistically significant (p < 0.05). LED, Levodopa Equivalent Dose; BMI, Body Mass Index.