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. 2019 Feb 19;10:255. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00255

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Copyright © 2019 Katakura, Nishiya, Wentzel, Hino, Miyamae, Okano, Wiegertjes and Moritomo.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Recombinant G-CSFa1 and G-CSFb1 induces chemotactic response of kidney neutrophils. Chemotactic response of kidney neutrophils after 1 h of incubation with duplicate filters separating cells and cytokines at the concentrations indicated. Cells were stained with MGG and the total number of cells in 20 random fields of view (40× magnification) was determined. Medium and 10 ng/mL fMLP served as negative and positive controls, respectively. Equal concentrations (100 ng/mL) of cytokines in the upper and lower chemotaxis chambers served as chemokinesis control. The data represent mean + standard deviation (n = 4). Significant differences compared to medium control were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnet's post-hoc test, (p < 0.05) are denoted by asterisks (^*).