Table 1.
Prevalence of tobacco use among Nepalese males and females aged 15–49 years by socio-demographic characteristics, Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2016 (N = 4063 males and 12862 females).
| Male | Female | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total participants | Current smoking | Current use of non smoking tobacco | Any form of tobacco | Total participants | Current smoking | Current use of non smoking tobacco | Any form of tobacco | |
| n | n(%) | n(%) | n(%) | n | n(%) | n(%) | n(%) | |
| Age (years) | ||||||||
| 15–19 | 931 | 147 (15.8) | 154 (16.5) | 248 (26.6) | 2598 | 13 (0.5) | 10 (0.4) | 22 (0.8) |
| 20–24 | 649 | 203 (31.3) | 198 (30.5) | 314 (48.4) | 2251 | 26 (1.2) | 23 (1) | 48 (2.1) |
| 25–29 | 525 | 165 (31.4) | 222 (42.2) | 289 (55.1) | 2135 | 51 (2.4) | 57 (2.7) | 91 (4.3) |
| 30–34 | 535 | 165 (30.8) | 280 (52.5) | 346 (64.8) | 1806 | 97 (5.3) | 79 (4.4) | 162 (9) |
| 35–39 | 544 | 146 (26.8) | 295 (54.1) | 338 (62.1) | 1572 | 122 (7.7) | 113 (7.2) | 211 (13.4) |
| 40–44 | 463 | 133 (28.7) | 261 (56.4) | 305 (65.9) | 1388 | 194 (14) | 114 (8.2) | 276 (19.9) |
| 45–49 | 415 | 153 (36.9) | 221 (53.1) | 286 (68.9) | 1113 | 207 (18.6) | 96 (8.6) | 272 (24.4) |
| Educational level | ||||||||
| No education | 391 | 149 (38.1) | 254 (64.9) | 303 (77.4) | 4281 | 555 (13) | 312 (7.3) | 771 (18) |
| Primary | 789 | 290 (36.7) | 467 (59.2) | 558 (70.8) | 2150 | 100 (4.7) | 120 (5.6) | 201 (9.4) |
| Secondary | 1990 | 503 (25.3) | 730 (36.7) | 969 (48.7) | 4516 | 43 (1) | 54 (1.2) | 94 (2.1) |
| Higher | 894 | 170 (19.1) | 180 (20.1) | 297 (33.2) | 1915 | 11 (0.6) | 6 (0.3) | 15 (0.8) |
| Place of residence | ||||||||
| Urban | 2647 | 757 (28.6) | 1007 (38) | 1364 (51.5) | 8072 | 415 (5.1) | 268 (3.3) | 617 (7.6) |
| Rural | 1416 | 356 (25.1) | 623 (44) | 763 (53.9) | 4790 | 294 (6.1) | 223 (4.7) | 465 (9.7) |
| Province | ||||||||
| Province 1 | 691 | 186 (26.9) | 285 (41.2) | 371 (53.7) | 2173 | 69 (3.2) | 166 (7.6) | 223 (10.3) |
| Province 2 | 795 | 174 (21.8) | 465 (58.5) | 494 (62.2) | 2563 | 52 (2) | 33 (1.3) | 73 (2.9) |
| Province 3 | 1009 | 324 (32.1) | 242 (24) | 452 (44.8) | 2732 | 212 (7.8) | 62 (2.3) | 245 (9) |
| Province 4 | 376 | 92 (24.6) | 107 (28.4) | 158 (42) | 1249 | 78 (6.2) | 71 (5.7) | 132 (10.6) |
| Province 5 | 658 | 145 (22) | 324 (49.2) | 364 (55.2) | 2274 | 93 (4.1) | 79 (3.5) | 153 (6.7) |
| Province 6 | 203 | 59 (29) | 72 (35.4) | 97 (47.9) | 724 | 95 (13.1) | 31 (4.3) | 114 (15.7) |
| Province 7 | 330 | 132 (40.2) | 136 (41.2) | 190 (57.6) | 1145 | 111 (9.6) | 50 (4.3) | 141 (12.4) |
| Ecological zone | ||||||||
| Mountain | 252 | 81 (31.9) | 72 (28.4) | 119 (47.2) | 775 | 73 (9.4) | 47 (6.1) | 110 (14.1) |
| Hill | 1791 | 502 (28) | 534 (29.8) | 812 (45.3) | 5556 | 413 (7.4) | 254 (4.6) | 598 (10.8) |
| Terai | 2019 | 530 (26.2) | 1025 (50.7) | 1196 (59.2) | 6531 | 223 (3.4) | 191 (2.9) | 374 (5.7) |
| Wealth quintile | ||||||||
| Poorest | 623 | 213 (34.2) | 264 (42.3) | 358 (57.4) | 2176 | 281 (12.9) | 179 (8.2) | 411 (18.9) |
| Poorer | 706 | 199 (28.2) | 330 (46.8) | 404 (57.2) | 2525 | 167 (6.6) | 135 (5.3) | 269 (10.6) |
| Middle | 758 | 208 (27.4) | 362 (47.8) | 438 (57.8) | 2595 | 99 (3.8) | 78 (3) | 163 (6.3) |
| Richer | 982 | 278 (28.3) | 435 (44.3) | 530 (54) | 2765 | 115 (4.2) | 63 (2.3) | 163 (5.9) |
| Richest | 994 | 215 (21.6) | 239 (24.1) | 397 (39.9) | 2801 | 47 (1.7) | 37 (1.3) | 76 (2.7) |
| Frequency of reading newspaper or magazine | ||||||||
| Not at all | 1822 | 516 (28.3) | 876 (48.1) | 1065 (58.4) | 8950 | 662 (7.4) | 447 (5) | 994 (11.1) |
| Less than once a week | 1360 | 372 (27.4) | 522 (38.4) | 692 (50.9) | 2793 | 38 (1.4) | 36 (1.3) | 71 (2.5) |
| At least once a week | 881 | 225 (25.5) | 232 (26.4) | 370 (42) | 1119 | 9 (0.8) | 8 (0.7) | 17 (1.5) |
| Frequency of listening to radio | ||||||||
| Not at all | 1154 | 320 (27.7) | 487 (42.2) | 645 (55.9) | 5558 | 337 (6.1) | 274 (4.9) | 544 (9.8) |
| Less than once a week | 1441 | 397 (27.6) | 587 (40.8) | 764 (53) | 3738 | 242 (6.5) | 121 (3.2) | 328 (8.8) |
| At least once a week | 1468 | 396 (27) | 557 (37.9) | 717 (48.8) | 3566 | 130 (3.7) | 97 (2.7) | 210 (5.9) |
| Frequency of watching television | ||||||||
| Not at all | 806 | 238 (29.5) | 393 (48.8) | 480 (59.6) | 3700 | 337 (9.1) | 227 (6.1) | 499 (13.5) |
| Less than once a week | 1185 | 344 (29) | 495 (41.8) | 629 (53.1) | 2692 | 185 (6.9) | 109 (4.1) | 262 (9.7) |
| At least once a week | 2073 | 531 (25.6) | 743 (35.8) | 1018 (49.1) | 6470 | 187 (2.9) | 156 (2.4) | 320 (5) |
| Use of internet | ||||||||
| Never | 2028 | 635 (31.3) | 1058 (52.1) | 1280 (63.1) | 9782 | 676 (6.9) | 463 (4.7) | 1021 (10.4) |
| Yes, within 12 months | 1914 | 442 (23.1) | 522 (27.3) | 780 (40.7) | 2970 | 33 (1.1) | 29 (1) | 60 (2) |
| Yes, but not in the last 12 months | 121 | 35 (29.1) | 51 (42.2) | 67 (55.3) | 111 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 4063 | 1113 (27.4) | 1630 (40.1) | 2127 (52.3) | 12862 | 709 (5.5) | 492 (3.8) | 1082 (8.4) |