Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by quartiles of dietary patterns for eligible participants in the Thai Cohort Study (n 81725)
| Dietary pattern by quartile of intake | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Modern | Prudent | |||||||||
| Sociodemographic characteristic | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P value* | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P value* |
| (n 20432) | (n 20431) | (n 20431) | (n 20431) | (n 20432) | (n 20431) | (n 20431) | (n 20431) | |||
| Age (years) | ||||||||||
| Mean | 33·5 | 30·7 | 29·3 | 28·1 | <0·001 | 31·3 | 30·2 | 30·0 | 30·1 | <0·001 |
| sd | 9·1 | 8·0 | 7·5 | 7·0 | 8·1 | 8·0 | 8·2 | 8·4 | ||
| Sex (%) | <0·001 | <0·001 | ||||||||
| Male | 38·3 | 44·4 | 47·6 | 50·1 | 59·4 | 47·0 | 39·7 | 34·4 | ||
| Female | 61·7 | 55·6 | 52·4 | 49·9 | 40·6 | 53·0 | 60·3 | 65·6 | ||
| Education (%) | <0·001 | <0·001 | ||||||||
| Junior high school | 3·9 | 3·2 | 3·1 | 3·2 | 3·7 | 3·1 | 3·2 | 3·3 | ||
| High school | 40·5 | 42·3 | 45·8 | 50·0 | 45·6 | 44·1 | 43·9 | 45·0 | ||
| Diploma/certificate | 25·8 | 27·8 | 27·5 | 27·3 | 27·3 | 27·7 | 27·2 | 26·3 | ||
| University degree | 29·4 | 26·5 | 23·3 | 19·2 | 23·1 | 24·8 | 25·5 | 25·2 | ||
| Unknown | 0·4 | 0·2 | 0·3 | 0·3 | 0·3 | 0·3 | 0·3 | 0·3 | ||
| Income (%) | <0·001 | <0·001 | ||||||||
| Low | 33·0 | 38·5 | 42·7 | 48·4 | 38·5 | 41·0 | 41·3 | 41·8 | ||
| Medium | 48·3 | 48·2 | 46·8 | 43·3 | 48·5 | 47·0 | 46·4 | 44·9 | ||
| High | 16·1 | 11·0 | 8·4 | 6·0 | 10·7 | 9·9 | 10·0 | 10·8 | ||
| Unknown | 2·5 | 2·3 | 2·1 | 2·3 | 2·3 | 2·1 | 2·3 | 2·5 | ||
| Smoking (%) | <0·001 | <0·001 | ||||||||
| Never smoked | 75·2 | 72·2 | 69·3 | 65·7 | 59·2 | 70·0 | 75·3 | 77·9 | ||
| Current smoker | 6·4 | 9·0 | 11·0 | 12·8 | 16·0 | 9·9 | 7·4 | 5·9 | ||
| Ex-smoker | 14·4 | 14·8 | 15·3 | 16·9 | 20·3 | 16·2 | 13·2 | 11·8 | ||
| Ever smoked but status unclear | 1·4 | 1·7 | 2·0 | 2·2 | 2·3 | 1·7 | 1·8 | 1·4 | ||
| Unknown | 2·6 | 2·3 | 2·3 | 2·4 | 2·2 | 2·1 | 2·3 | 3·0 | ||
| Alcohol consumption (%) | <0·001 | <0·001 | ||||||||
| Occasional social drinker | 53·6 | 58·9 | 62·1 | 62·4 | 61·4 | 60·7 | 59·2 | 55·7 | ||
| Never | 32·3 | 26·8 | 23·7 | 21·3 | 19·6 | 25·2 | 27·8 | 31·5 | ||
| Regular drinker | 3·0 | 4·3 | 5·3 | 6·9 | 9·2 | 4·8 | 3·1 | 2·3 | ||
| Stopped | 10·0 | 8·8 | 8·1 | 8·3 | 8·8 | 8·3 | 8·8 | 9·2 | ||
| Unknown | 1·2 | 1·2 | 0·9 | 12·0 | 1·0 | 1·0 | 1·1 | 1·4 | ||
| Strenuous activity (%) | <0·001 | <0·001 | ||||||||
| None | 45·2 | 46·2 | 45·7 | 43·5 | 50·5 | 46·8 | 44·7 | 38·4 | ||
| 1–3 times/week | 34·4 | 34·8 | 34·3 | 34·8 | 31·9 | 34·4 | 35·4 | 36·7 | ||
| ≥4 times/week | 17·8 | 16·3 | 17·6 | 19·1 | 15·2 | 16·3 | 17·4 | 22·0 | ||
| Unknown | 2·7 | 2·6 | 2·4 | 2·6 | 2·4 | 2·5 | 2·5 | 2·9 | ||
| Moderate activity (%) | <0·001 | <0·001 | ||||||||
| None | 47·0 | 46·8 | 45·6 | 42·1 | 51·5 | 46·9 | 44·4 | 38·7 | ||
| 1–3 times/week | 33·0 | 34·1 | 34·4 | 35·2 | 31·6 | 34·2 | 35·1 | 35·7 | ||
| ≥4 times/week | 15·9 | 15·5 | 16·6 | 19·1 | 13·5 | 15·3 | 16·8 | 21·5 | ||
| Unknown | 4·1 | 3·7 | 3·4 | 3·6 | 3·4 | 3·6 | 3·7 | 4·1 | ||
| Mild activity (%) | <0·001 | <0·001 | ||||||||
| None | 59·7 | 62·0 | 61·7 | 59·1 | 68·1 | 62·7 | 59·4 | 52·3 | ||
| 1–3 times/week | 23·1 | 22·4 | 23·1 | 23·3 | 19·2 | 22·8 | 24·1 | 25·9 | ||
| ≥4 times/week | 12·5 | 11·3 | 11·3 | 13·3 | 8·7 | 10·3 | 12·3 | 17·1 | ||
| Unknown | 4·7 | 4·3 | 3·9 | 4·2 | 4·0 | 4·2 | 4·2 | 4·6 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||||||
| Mean | 21·9 | 21·8 | 21·8 | 21·8 | <0·001 | 22·4 | 21·8 | 21·5 | 21·4 | <0·001 |
| sd | 3·3 | 3·4 | 3·5 | 3·5 | 3·5 | 3·4 | 3·4 | 3·3 | ||
| High blood pressure (%) | 5·1 | 4·4 | 4·3 | 4·3 | <0·001 | 5·3 | 4·5 | 4·2 | 4·0 | <0·001 |
*P values were based on ANOVA or χ 2 test.