Fig. 5.

In silico activation of peripheral energy expenditure leads to an increase of total EE. a shows the absolute (left vertical axis) and relative (right vertical axis) change in total EE upon increasing activation factor. Each line depicts a different virtual individual where data are color-coded according to the maximally achieved increase in peripheral energy expenditure. For each virtual individual, the highest activation result (if yielding at least 0.1% increase in total EE) was used for further analysis and indicated by the black circle. b displays the resulting decrease of the energy surplus in the system. Results are color-coded based on (a). c presents the shift in peripheral (red), hepatic (blue) and total (black) EE from baseline (represented with dots) to in silico activation (represented with upward facing triangles for increasing values and downward triangles for decreasing values) versus the relative increase in peripheral EE (on the horizontal axis)