Table 2.
Correlation of sympathetic innervation and β2-AR expression with the clinicopathologic characteristics of SACC
| Variables | Total (N=55) N (%) | Sympathetic innervation
|
P-value
|
β2-AR expression
|
P-value
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (N=34) N (%) | None (N=21) N (%) | Yes (N=38) N (%) | None (N=17) N (%) | ||||
|
| |||||||
| Gender | 0.821 | 0.057 | |||||
| Male | 22 (40.0) | 14 (63.6) | 8 (36.4) | 12 (54.5) | 10 (45.5) | ||
| Female | 33 (60.0) | 20 (60.6) | 13 (39.4) | 26 (78.8) | 7 (21.2) | ||
| Age, years | 0.357 | 0.751 | |||||
| ≤40 | 7 (12.7) | 6 (85.7) | 1 (14.3) | 5 (71.4) | 2 (28.6) | ||
| 40–55 | 25 (45.5) | 14 (56.0) | 11 (44.0) | 16 (64.0) | 9 (36.0) | ||
| ≥55 | 23 (41.8) | 14 (60.9) | 9 (39.1) | 17 (73.9) | 6 (26.1) | ||
| Site | 0.219 | 0.156 | |||||
| MiSG | 27 (49.1) | 14 (51.9) | 13 (48.1) | 18 (66.7) | 9 (33.3) | ||
| MaSG | 21 (38.2) | 16 (76.2) | 5 (23.8) | 17 (81.0) | 4 (19.0) | ||
| Other | 7 (12.7) | 4 (57.1) | 3 (42.9) | 3 (42.9) | 4 (57.1) | ||
| TNM stage | 0.927 | 0.035* | |||||
| I–II | 24 (43.6) | 15 (62.5) | 9 (37.5) | 13 (54.2) | 11 (45.8) | ||
| III–IV | 31 (56.4) | 19 (61.3) | 12 (38.7) | 25 (80.6) | 6 (19.4) | ||
| T category | 0.606 | 0.083 | |||||
| 1–2 | 26 (47.3) | 17 (65.4) | 9 (34.6) | 15 (57.7) | 11 (42.3) | ||
| 3–4 | 29 (52.7) | 17 (58.6) | 12 (41.4) | 23 (79.3) | 6 (20.7) | ||
| N category | 0.573 | 0.165 | |||||
| 0 | 51 (92.7) | 31 (60.8) | 20 (39.2) | 34 (66.7) | 17 (33.3) | ||
| 1–2 | 4 (7.3) | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) | 4 (100.0) | 0 (0) | ||
| M category | 0.010* | 0.166 | |||||
| 0 | 42 (76.4) | 22 (52.4) | 20 (47.6) | 27 (64.3) | 15 (35.7) | ||
| 1 | 13 (23.6) | 12 (92.3) | 1 (7.7) | 11 (84.6) | 2 (15.4) | ||
| PNI | 0.035* | 0.003* | |||||
| Yes | 38 (69.1) | 27 (71.1) | 11 (28.9) | 31 (81.6) | 7 (18.4) | ||
| None | 17 (30.9) | 7 (41.2) | 10 (58.8) | 7 (41.2) | 10 (58.8) | ||
| Histologic subtype | 0.299 | 0.791 | |||||
| Cribriform/tubular | 51 (92.7) | 33 (64.7) | 18 (35.3) | 35 (68.6) | 16 (31.4) | ||
| Solid | 4 (7.3) | 1 (25.0) | 3 (75.0) | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) | ||
| Chemotherapy | 0.258 | 0.365 | |||||
| Yes | 21 (38.2) | 11 (52.4) | 10 (47.6) | 13 (61.9) | 8 (38.1) | ||
| None | 34 (61.8) | 23 (67.6) | 11 (32.4) | 25 (73.5) | 9 (26.5) | ||
| Radiotherapy | 0.157 | 0.812 | |||||
| Yes | 40 (72.7) | 27 (67.5) | 13 (32.5) | 28 (70.0) | 12 (30.0) | ||
| None | 15 (27.3) | 7 (46.7) | 8 (53.3) | 10 (66.7) | 5 (33.3) | ||
| Recurrence | 0.762 | 0.990 | |||||
| Yes | 13 (23.6) | 9 (69.2) | 4 (30.8) | 9 (69.2) | 4 (30.8) | ||
| None | 42 (76.4) | 25 (59.5) | 17 (40.5) | 29 (69.0) | 13 (31.0) | ||
Note:
*
Mean P<0.05.
Abbreviations: β2-AR, β2-adrenergic receptor; MaSG, major salivary gland; MiSG, minor salivary gland; PNI, perineural invasion; SACC, salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma.