Table 5.
In vivo pharmacokinetic parameters of TCG in rats after oral administration of raw TCG suspension, TCG-CE, and TCG-SM
| Pharmacokinetic parameters | Samples | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Raw TCG suspension | TCG-CE | TCG-SM | |
| Tmax (hours) | 1.02±0.52 | 0.58±0.23 | 0.75±0.24 |
| Cmax (ng/mL) | 68.94±25.67 | 85.10±35.57 | 439.18±172.01*,# |
| AUC0–∞ (ng⋅h/mL) | 443.26±147.80 | 427.25±153.96 | 2,525.29±390.27*,# |
| T1/2 (hours) | 5.97±4.91 | 3.40±1.40 | 4.34±2.09 |
| RBA (%) vs raw TCG suspension | – | 123.4 | 637.1 |
Notes:
*
P<0.05 vs raw TCG suspension,
#
P<0.05 vs TCG-CE. Values are expressed as mean ± SD (n=11). “–” indicates compared samples of raw TCG suspension are equal with each other.
Abbreviations: AUC, area under the concentration–time curve; Cmax, maximum plasma concentration; RBA, relative bioavailability; Tmax, time to reach the maximum plasma concentration; T1/2, half-life; TCG, ticagrelor; TCG-CE, ticagrelor-loaded Cremophor EL; TCG-SM, ticagrelor-loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system.