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. 2019 Feb 26;9:2763. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39247-6

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Inhibitory effect of anti-TSWV with AHK different treatments. (a–c) The curative effect of AHK. Image (a) shows the positive control (treatment with TSWV and H₂O), image (b) shows the ningnanmycin control (treatment with TSWV and ningnanmycin), and image (c) shows the AHK treatment (treatment with TSWV and AHK); (d–f) The protective effect of AHK. Image (d) shows the positive control (treatment with H₂O and TSWV), image (e) shows the ningnanmycin control (treatment with ningnanmycin and TSWV), and image (f) shows the AHK treatment (treatment with AHK and TSWV); Image (g) shows the curative effect of AHK at different concentrations; Image (h) shows the protective effect of AHK at different concentrations. Different letters indicate significant differences among the compounds compared with ningnanmycin; differences are considered significant at P ≤ 0.05.