Table 2.

Univariate Cox regression and multivariable penalised Cox regression model results for overall survival within the training dataset (NCRI-XI)

		Univariate model results			Multivariable model results
		Coefficient (SE)	Hazard ratio (SE)	95% CI for HR	Coefficient* (SE)	Hazard ratio (SE)	95% CI for HR
WHO performance status
	Linear	0·794 (0·269)	2·211 (1·309)	(1·305–3·747)	0·629 (0·171)	1·875 (1·187)	(1·340–2·624)
	Quadratic	−0·409 (0·231)	0·664 (1·260)	(0·422–1·044)	−0·001 (0·076)	0·999 (1·079)	(0·861–1·160)
	Cubic	−0·098 (0·160)	0·907 (1·173)	(0·663–1·240)	0 (0)	1 (1)	1 (1–1)
	Quartic	−0·027 (0·100)	0·973 (1·105)	(0·800–1·184)	0 (0·001)	1 (1·001)	(0·999–1·001)
Standardised age		0·260 (0·040)	1·296 (1·041)	(1·198–1·402)	0·089 (0·040)	1·093 (1·041)	(1·010–1·183)
ISS
	Linear	0·617 (0·088)	1·853 (1·092)	(1·560–2·201)	0·299 (0·075)	1·349 (1·078)	(1·165–1·562)
	Quadratic	0·080 (0·073)	1·084 (1·076)	(0·940–1·250)	0 (0·015)	1 (1·015)	(0·971–1·029)
Standardised L:W		−0·180 (0·048)	0·835 (1·049)	(0·760–0·917)	0 (0·007)	1 (1·007)	(0·987–1·013)
Standardised transformed CRP		0·241 (0·038)	1·273 (1·038)	(1·182–1·370)	0·035 (0·034)	1·036 (1·034)	(0·970–1·106)
Standardised transformed LDH		0·054 (0·044)	1·055 (1·044)	(0·969–1·149)	0 (0)	1 (1)	(0·999–1·001)

CRP=C-reactive protein. HR=hazard ratio. ISS=International Staging System. L:W=lymphocyte to total white blood cell ratio. LDH=lactate dehydrogenase. NCRI-XI=NCRI Myeloma XI.

^*The coefficients marked as zero have been penalised during the model building process and are therefore not included in the UK Myeloma Research Alliance Risk Profile.