Table 1.
Summary of the characteristics and results of the included studies
| References | Patients (rib fractures) | Sex (male:female) | No of Fracture ribs | Study type | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SM | NSM | SM | NSM | |||
| Ahmed.Z [1] | 26 | 38 | 23:3 | 18:1 | 5 ~ 8. | Co |
| Deng [2] | 16 | 18 | NR | NR | > 3 | Co |
| Doben.A.R [3] | 10 | 11 | 9:1 | 7:4 | 3 in ≥2 places | Co |
| Farquhar.J [4]. | 19 | 36 | 15:4 | 25:11 | > 3 | Co |
| Jayle.C.P [5] | 10 | 10 | 4:1 | 4:1 | 3 in ≥2 places | Co |
| Nirula.R [6]. | 30 | 30 | NR | NR | NR | Co |
| Tanka [7] | 18 | 19 | 2:1 | 14:5 | > 6 | RCT |
| Teng [8] | 32 | 28 | NR | NR | ≥4 | Co |
| Wang [9] | 69 | 72 | 41:28 | 43:29 | ≥2 | RCT |
| Wei [10] | 50 | 54 | 30:20 | 37:17 | ≥3 | Co |
| Xu.J [11] | 17 | 15 | 12:5 | 12:3 | ≥4 | Co |
| Yang [12] | 30 | 30 | 20:10 | 21:9 | ≥3 | Co |
| Zhang.Z.T [13] | 56 | 56 | 37:19 | 31:25 | 2~6. | Co |
| Zhang Y [14] | 24 | 15 | 19:5 | 14:1 | 7~16 | Co |
SM surgical management group that patients who are managed operatively,
NSM non-surgical management group that patients who are managed nonoperatively
NR not reported, RCT random control trail, Co cohort study