Table 2.

Intervention effects on daily dietary factors across the duration of the study

Dietary factor	Preintervention^a	Postintervention^a	Diet effect (P value)	Pre vs post (P value)
Kilocalories	9,408.0 ± 5,088.2	6823.3 ± 2,124.5	.556	.024
Carbohydrate (%)	48.1 ± 15.8	47 ± 6.6	.428	.784
Fat (%)	36.9 ± 12.4	32.3 ± 5.1	.268	.156
Protein (%)	15.2 ± 6.3	20.7 ± 5.4	.236	.003^*
Fiber (g)	16.1 ± 12.9	20.0 ± 9.2	.022^*	.137
Insoluble fiber (g)	0.96 ± 1.8	1.03 ± 1.5	.008^b^*	.46^c
Soluble fiber (g)	0.3 ± 0.63	0.26 ± 0.4	.044^b^*	.5^c
Total Sugar (g)	92.0 ± 67.5	81.3 ± 43.5	.736	.707
Empty energy (kJ)	4,221.1 ± 2,754.1	1,962.2 ± 1,054.1	.129	.003^*
Monounsaturated fat (g)	28.7 ± 25.8	14.6 ± 10.2	.367	.031
Polyunsaturated fat (g)	15.1 ± 15.4	8.0 ± 6.1	.774	.1
Saturated fat (g)	30.4 ± 21.1	20.6 ± 8.3	.331	.06
Cholesterol (mg)	265.5 ± 269.2	280.4 ± 192.2	.200	.544
Fruit & vegetables (cups)	1.6 ± 1.4	3.4 ± 2.7	<.001^*	.006^*

Repeated-measures analysis of variance testing the effect of intervention was completed on variables with weekly measures (week 0–9); however, only preintervention and postintervention means ± standard deviation are reported in the table (N = 17). A specific contrast between pre and post is also reported in this table.

Denotes significance with an α = .05.

Data presented as means ± SD.

Mantel-Haenszel was used for nonparametric repeated measures.

Nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was used for these values.