Table 1:
Characteristics of Study Participantsa
| Characteristic | WLM (n = 25) | NC (n = 27) | OC (n = 28) | Overall P value | P value, WLM:NC | P value, WLM:OC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) [Mean ± SD] | 44.6 ± 12.2 | 49.4 ± 12.7 | 47.2 ± 11.5 | 0.37 | 0.16 | 0.44 |
| Anthropometric Measures [Mean ± SD] | ||||||
| Weight (kg) | 67.8 ± 9.4 | 63.7 ± 10.8 | 96.7 ± 17.8 | <0.01 | 0.27 | <0.01 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.1 ± 2.3 | 23.0 ± 2.0 | 34.3 ± 4.8 | <0.01 | 0.22 | <0.01 |
| Waist Circumference (cm) b | 83.6 ± 7.3 | 83.7 ± 6.9 | 107.0 ± 13.1 | <0.01 | 1.00 | <0.01 |
| Maximum Weight (kg) c | 92.4 ± 14.7 | 67.9 ± 11.9 | 103.9 ± 21.5 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.01 |
| Minimum Weight (kg) d, e | 62.4 ± 9.9 | 56.4 ± 9.4 | 67.2 ± 16.2 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.25 |
| Maximum BMI (kg/m2) d | 32.9 ± 4.4 | 24.5 ± 2.3 | 36.8 ± 5.9 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Maximum Weight Ever Lost (kg) e | 26.2 ± 9.8 | 6.3 ± 5.6 | 12.8 ± 7.9 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Weight Loss Maintenance Duration (y) | 9.0 ± 10.2 | n/a | n/a | n/a | - | - |
| Sex, Male [n, (%)] | 5 (20%) | 7 (26%) | 6 (21%) | 0.87 | - | - |
| Ethnicity [n, (%)] | 0.69 | - | - | |||
| Hispanic/Latino | 1 (4%) | 3 (11%) | 3 (11%) | |||
| Not Hispanic/Latino | 24 (96%) | 24 (89%) | 25 (89%) | |||
| Race [n, (%)] | 0.04 | - | - | |||
| White | 25 (100%) | 24 (89%) | 23 (82%) | |||
| Black/African American | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.7%) | 5 (18%) | |||
| Asian | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.7%) | 0 (0%) | |||
| Not Reported | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.7%) | 0 (0%) | |||
| Respiratory Quotient [Mean ± SD] f | 0.81 ± 0.04 | 0.81 ± 0.03 | 0.80 ± 0.04 | 0.33 | 0.58 | 0.14 |
| Body Composition [Mean ± SD] | ||||||
| Fat Mass (kg) g | 18.8 ± 4.6 | 18.7 ± 4.1 | 38.7 ± 9.6 | <0.01 | 0.99 | <0.01 |
| Fat Mass (%) | 28.4 ± 6.5 | 30.1 ± 5.7 | 40.5 ± 5.1 | <0.01 | 0.29 | <0.01 |
| Fat Free Mass (kg) e | 47.6 ± 8.7 | 44.0 ± 9.4 | 56.4 ± 10.8 | <0.01 | 0.11 | <0.01 |
| Fat Free Mass (%) | 71.6 ± 6.5 | 69.9 ± 5.7 | 59.5 ± 5.1 | <0.01 | 0.29 | <0.01 |
a
Fisher’s Exact Test used for categorical variables; Continuous variables analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Significant P values (alpha <0.05) indicated in bold. Body Mass Index (BMI); Weight loss maintainers (WLM); Normal weight controls (NC); Controls with overweight/obesity (OC).
b
n = 27 for OC and n = 26 for NC. One OC participant had an invalid waist circumference, and one NC participant was missing waist circumference.
c
Excluding pregnancy.
d
After age 18 and excluding illness.
e
Analyzed using log (base 10) transformation, but untransformed mean±SD presented.
f
n = 26 for NC and n = 25 for OC.
g
Analyzed using square root transformation, but untransformed mean±SD presented.