Table 5. Multivariable logistic and linear regression model on length of stay (LoS, in days) following cesarean section (CS).
24,729 (complete case) observations. Adjusted regression coefficients (aRC)# and adjusted odds ratios (aOR)$, with 95% confidence interval (95%CI); population attributable risk (PAR-1* and PAR-2**) with 95%CI.
| FACTORS | Mean LoS | LoS >4 days vs. ≤ 4 days | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aRC (95%CI) | aOR (95%CI) | PAR-1 (95% CI)* | PAR-2 (95% CI)** | ||
| Hospital | A | 0.19 (0.17; 0.21) | 2.85 (2.54; 3.20) | +27.8% (+25.8%; +29.7%) | +21.7% (+18.7%; +24.7%) |
| B | 0.08 (0.06; 0.10) | 1.64 (1.47; 1.83) | +16.8% (+15.2%; +18.5%) | +12.3% (+10.2%; +14.3%) | |
| C | -0.07 (-0.10; -0.05) | 0.55 (0.47; 0.66) | +1.0% (-1.4%; +2.7%) | +0.6% (-0.7%; +1.9%) | |
| D | 0.64 (0.61; 0.67) | 32.04 (25.62; 40.06) | +72.1% (+69.5%; +74.5%) | +72.3% (+68.5%; +75.7%) | |
| E | 0.12 (0.09; 0.14) | 1.99 (1.71; 2.32) | +20.5% (+17.8%; +23.2%) | +15.3% (+12.4%; +18.2%) | |
| F | 0.38 (0.35; 0.40) | 6.60 (5.70; 7.63) | +45.8% (+43.1%; +48.4%) | +39.9% (+35.5%; +44.1%) | |
| G | 0.40 (0.37; 0.43) | 7.48 (6.44; 8.68) | +48.4% (+45.7%; +51.1%) | +42.8% (+38.4; +47.0%) | |
| H | 0.14 (0.11; 0.16) | 2.21 (1.93; 2.54) | +22.6% (+20.2%; +25.0%) | +17.1% (+14.2%; +8.8%) | |
| I | 0.59 (0.56; 0.62) | 20.83 (17.54; 24.75) | +66.7% (+64.2%; +69.0%) | +64.9% (+61.2%; +68.3%) | |
| J | reference | reference | reference | reference | |
| K | 0.49 (0.47; 0.52) | 11.81 (10.23; 13.63) | +57.4% (+55.0%; +59.7%) | +53.2% (+49.1%;+ 57.1%) | |
| L | 0.12 (-0.14; 0.37) | 1.97 (0.51; 7.65) | NA | NA | |
| Calendar year (2005–2015) | -0.021 (-0.022; -0.019) | 0.89 (0.88; 0.90) | |||
| Cesarean type | Urgent | reference | reference | ||
| Planned | -0.02 (-0.04; -0.01) | 0.88 (0.82; 0.94) | |||
#,$ Multiple linear and logistic regression models, both adjusted for the following domain factors (displayed in Tables 1–4):
- Health care setting and timeframe (hospital; calendar year)
- Maternal health factors (type of cesarean section; maternal age; hypertension/diabetes; amniocentesis; number of obstetric checks; number. of US scans performed; induction mode; labour analgesia; neonatal status; presentation; pre-delivery LoS)
- Child’s fragility factors (Apgar score at 5 minutes; ICU admission; multiple birth)
- Child’s size factors (gestational age; birthweight; placenta weight)
- Obstetric history factors (parity; history of cesarean sections, pre-term history)
- Socio-demographic factors (paternal age; mother’s nationality; mother’s education)
* Population Attributable Risk 1 (PAR-1): Proportional variation of LoS < ED after childbirth in the ideal scenario each hospital would be performing as the reference (hospital J) during calendar year 2015.
** Population Attributable Risk 2 (PAR-2): Proportional variation of LoS < ED after childbirth in the ideal scenario each hospital would be performing as hospital J during calendar year 2015. Estimates of PAR-2 calculated only for low risk pregnancies, defined as conditions of the mother and/or the newborn simultaneously meeting all the following criteria: mother’s age<35; no women affected by hypertension/diabetes; gestational age: 37–40 weeks; singleton birth; pre delivery LoS ≤ 2 days; no labour induction; no administration of labour analgesia; no resuscitation performed; child not admitted to ICU; Apgar score at 1 minute ≥7; Apgar score at 5 minutes ≥8; birthweight: 2,500–3,999gr.