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. 2018 Jun 1;97(22):e10914. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000010914

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Copyright © 2018 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

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Heterogeneous histopathology consists of 4 patterns: (A) mix or secondary Sertoli cell only (SCO): some seminiferous tubules show Sertoli cell (SC) (black arrow) and some tubules replaced with hyaline substance (white arrow); (B) incomplete maturation arrest (MA): some tubules show arrest of spermatogenesis at the primary spermatocyte stage (black arrow) and some tubules arrest of spermatogenesis at the early spermatid phase (white arrow); (C) partial hypospermatogenesis: tubules show SCO (black arrow) and normal tubules (white arrow); (D) incomplete tubular hyalinization: most tubules hyalinization (black arrow), mixed some germ cells (white arrow). MA = maturation arrest, SCO = Sertoli cell only.