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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Neurobiol. 2018 Aug 27;56(5):3576–3590. doi: 10.1007/s12035-018-1325-0

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Cocaine-mediated secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in human pericytes. qPCR analysis showing the dose- (A) and time-dependent (B) upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL 6 in human primary pericytes exposed to cocaine. ELISA showing dose- (C) and time-dependent (D) upregulated expression of the cytokines -TNF-α, IL 1β and IL 6 in human primary pericytes exposed to cocaine. GAPDH was used as an internal control for mRNA expression of cytokines. Data are presented as mean ± SEM; the mean is derived from 6 independent experiments (n = 6). One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test was used to determine the statistical significance between multiple groups: *, P < 0.05 vs. control.