Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study population
| Mutation carriers (n = 120) | Controls (n = 110) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 41 ± 13 | 44 ± 13 | 0.15 |
| Female gender, n (%) | 83 (69) | 66 (60) | 0.15 |
| Body surface area (m2) | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 0.89 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 124 ± 18 | 125 ± 13 | 0.43 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 76 ± 9 | 79 ± 8 | 0.02 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg) | 92 ± 11 | 94 ± 9 | 0.07 |
| Medical history | |||
| – Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 9 (8) | 0 (0) | 0.003 |
| – Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.50 |
| – Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | 0.17 |
| – Hypercholesterolaemia, n (%) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 0.34 |
| Medication | |||
| – Antihypertensive, n (%)a | 8 (7) | 0 (0) | 0.01 |
| – Statin, n (%) | 4 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.05 |
| – Antidiabetic, n (%) | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | 0.17 |
| – Antiplatelet, n (%) | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | 0.17 |
| – Oral anticoagulation, n (%) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 0.34 |
| Electrocardiography | |||
| – Sinus rhythm, n (%) | 120 (100) | 110 (100) | 0.50 |
| – Heart rate (beats/min) | 67 ± 13 | 59 ± 9 | <0.001 |
| – Romhilt Estes ≥4, n (%) | 11 (9) | 2 (2) | 0.02 |
| – Pathological Q wave, n (%) | 3 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.10 |
| – T-wave inversion, n (%) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 0.34 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or as absolute and %
aIncludes diuretic (n = 3), beta-blocker (n = 3), ACE inhibitor (n = 2), angiotensin II antagonist (n = 2), calcium antagonist (n = 2)