sTALE-regulated Z-abienol production. A, Schematic representation of the constructs used for Z-abienol production. BC and AC are constitutively expressed with Act2 and 35S promoters, respectively. Genes for the production of Z-abienol are fused to 4×STAP1-Ω and induced by TALE-reconstitution [geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (NtGGPPS2), 8-hydroxycopalyl diphoshate (8-OH-CPP) synthase (NtCPS2), Z-abienol synthase (NtABS)]. B, GC-MS chromatogram (m/z 191) of hexane leaf surface extracts after transient expression in N. benthamiana leaves. Only the portion of the chromatogram between retention times from 27 to 30 min is shown. Sclareol serves as internal standard for normalization. Z-abienol elutes at 28.20 min. Z-Abienol is produced only in the presence of the two sTALE components or the full-length dTALE2. C, Peak areas of Z-abienol normalized to sclareol. nd, Not detected. D, Mass spectrum of Z-abienol.