Table 2.

Simulation of study power for Low Tidal Volume Universal Support Interventional Trial using a stepped-wedge study design

Exclusion of Sites with High Adherence to 6 ml/kg Tidal Volume in Acute Respiratory Failure	Number of Study Sites	Intervention Adherence Rate	Power ± Standard Deviation	Number of Patients in Trial
0 (No exclusion)	49 (all)	1.0	96 ± 3%	107,373
0 (No exclusion)	49 (all)	0.8	96 ± 4%	107,383
Excluding top 10 sites	39	0.8	99 ± 2%	93,739
Excluding top 20 sites	29	0.8	86 ± 2%	66,366

We simulated scenarios based on excluding the sites with the highest baseline adherence to low–tidal volume ventilation, and scenarios based on 100% or 80% adherence to the study intervention.