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. 2019 Feb 21;10:236. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00236

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Copyright © 2019 Stehlikova, Kostovcikova, Kverka, Rossmann, Dvorak, Novosadova, Kostovcik, Coufal, Srutkova, Prochazkova, Hudcovic, Kozakova, Stepankova, Rob, Juzlova, Hercogova, Tlaskalova-Hogenova and Jiraskova Zakostelska.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Mice monocolonized with SFB and germ-free (GF) C57BL/6 or mice monocolonized with Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) and germ-free (GF) BALB/c mice show decreased imiquimod-induced skin inflammation (IISI) in comparison to conventional mice (CV). (A,B) Quantification of ear thickness. (C,D) Quantification of histopathological score after H&E staining of the ear. Comparison of the expression of CD3⁺RORγT⁺ in GF and SFB or LP versus CV mice in the spleen (E,F) or inguinal lymph nodes (G,H). Percentage is relative to the proportion of live cells gated on CD3⁺ and subsequently on RORγt⁺ in control mice.100% represents controls gated on live CD3⁺RORγt⁺. (I,J) Quantitative PCR analysis of mRNA expression of Il17f, Il23a, Il1b, Cxcl1, and Nfkbiz in the skin. The graphs show a representative experiment (n = 6–7 mice per group). Statistical differences between the groups were determined by ANOVA (A–H) or Student’s t-test (I,J); *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.