Fig. 2. Fabrication and characterization of actuators. (a) A schematic representation of the nanoactuator along with the TEM image showing the thermoresponsive polymer encapsulating the gold nanorod. Scale bar, 100 nm. (b) Temperature dependent UV-vis absorbance measurements as a function of wavelength. (c) Temperature dependent DLS measurements of NA hydrodynamic size. (d) Topography scan of a representative self-assembled sheet using in-liquid atomic force microscopy. Scale bar, 1 μm. (e) Schematic illustration of the microfluidic template-assisted self-assembly process of spherical microactuators. (f) A cross-sectional cryo-SEM image of a representative microactuator. Scale bar, 2 μm.
