Table 1.
Characteristics of individual participants and overall group randomized and contributing data to the study. Nic, transdermal nicotine; Pbo, transdermal placebo; S.D., standard deviation; SRS, Social Responsiveness Scale.
| Baseline and aggregate (grey bar; mean (S.D.) or n (%)) participant characteristics | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | Sex | Psychotropic medication | Treatment order | Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) Subscales | SRS-2 (total) | ||||
| Irritability | Lethargy/social withdrawal | Stereotypic behavior | Hyperactivity | Inappropriate speech | |||||
| 28 | M | Divalproex, risperidone, haloperidol | Nic→Pbo | 34 | 31 | 10 | 38 | 11 | 202 |
| 201 | M | Divalproex, risperidone, aripiprazole, clonazepam | Pbo→Nic | 23 | 21 | 4 | 30 | 0 | 182 |
| 23 | M | Risperidone | Pbo→Nic | 16 | 9 | 0 | 7 | 3 | 130 |
| 221 | M | Risperidone, clonidine | Nic→Pbo | 21 | 2 | 11 | 29 | 7 | 175 |
| 24 | M | Divalproex, desipramine, methylphenidate | Pbo→Nic | 20 | 31 | 10 | 23 | 4 | 194 |
| 24 | M | Lamotrigine, olanzapine, fluoxetine, clonidine | Nic→Pbo | 39 | 35 | 21 | 38 | 11 | 195 |
| 27 | F | Lithium, trazodone, buspirone, clonazepam, propranolol, gabapentin | Nic→Pbo | 25 | 14 | 6 | 17 | 7 | 159 |
| 24 (3) | 6 M (86%) | Mood stabilizer: 5 (71%) Antipsychotic: 5 (71%) Antidepressant: 3 (43%) Benzodiazepine: 2 (29%) β-blocker: 1 (14%) Stimulant: 1 (14%) α2-agonist: 2 (29%) Other: 1 (14%) |
Nic→Pbo: 4 (57%) Pbo→Nic: 3 (43%) |
25 (8) | 20 (13) | 9 (7) | 26 (11) | 6 (4) | 177 (25)2 |
1
Subject continued on open-label nicotine patch following conclusion of the study.
2
T-score > 90.