TABLE 2. Hepatitis B seroprevalence, by country/area — World Health Organization Western Pacific Region, 1976–2017.
| Country/Area | Year of most recent hepatitis B serosurvey | HBsAg prevalence (95% CI) | Year of verification of <1% HBsAg seroprevalence* |
|---|---|---|---|
| American Samoa |
2011 |
0.2% |
2014 |
| Australia |
2002 |
0.4% (0.0%–2.2%) |
2012 |
| Brunei |
2011 |
0.1% |
2013 |
| Cambodia |
2017 |
0.6% (0.3%–0.9%)† |
NS§ |
| China |
2014 |
0.3% (0.2%–0.5%) |
2012 |
| Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands |
2014 |
0.0% (0.0%–0.5%) |
2017 |
| Cook Island |
2012 |
0.0% |
2013 |
| Federated States of Micronesia |
2016 |
0.3% (0.1%–0.5%) |
NS§ |
| Fiji |
2008¶ |
0.0% |
NS |
| French Polynesia |
2014 |
0% (0.0%–0.5%) |
2016 |
| Guam |
2015 |
0.0% |
2016 |
| Hong Kong (China, SAR) |
2009 |
0.8% (0.4%–1.2%) |
2011 |
| Japan |
2010 |
0.2% (0.0%–0.4%) |
NS |
| Kiribati |
2014 |
3.3% (2.4%–4.6%) |
NS |
| Laos |
2012 |
1.7% (0.8%–2.6%) |
NS |
| Macao (China, SAR) |
2003 |
0% (0.0%–0.7%) |
2008 |
| Malaysia |
2009 |
0.4% (0.2%–0.6%) |
2011 |
| Marshall Islands |
2017 |
1.2% (0.6%–1.9%) |
UR |
| Mongolia |
2009 |
0.5% (0.4%–0.7%) |
2012 |
| Nauru |
ND |
― |
NS |
| New Caledonia |
ND |
― |
NS |
| New Zealand |
2009 |
0.2% (0.0%–1.2%) |
2012 |
| Niue |
2015 |
0.0% |
2017 |
| Palau |
2008 |
0.0% |
2013 |
| Papua New Guinea |
2012–2013 |
2.3% |
NS |
| Philippines |
2013 |
0.9%** |
NS |
| Republic of Korea |
2014 |
0.1% |
2008 |
| Samoa |
2014 |
0.1% |
NS |
| Singapore |
2010 |
0.3% (0.1%–0.9%) |
2015 |
| Solomon Islands |
2016 |
3.1% (2.0%–4.9%)† |
NS |
| Tokelau |
2014 |
0.0% |
2016 |
| Tonga |
2005 |
0.8% (0.2%–2.5%) |
2012 |
| Tuvalu |
1976 |
11.0% |
NS |
| Vanuatu |
1998 |
3.0% |
NS |
| Vietnam |
2011 |
2.2% (1.5%–3.1%) |
NS |
| Wallis and Futuna | 2012 | 0.9% | NS |
Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; HBsAg = hepatitis B surface antigen; ND = not done; NS = not submitted to the regional verification commission; SAR = special autonomous region; UR = under review by the regional verification commission.
* Verification is done by a regional commission of experts from the Hepatitis B Immunization Expert Resource Panel that determines if the country or area has reached the target of <1% HBsAg seroprevalence among children aged 5 years.
† Preliminary data.
§ By December 2017, Cambodia and the Federated States of Micronesia had conducted nationally representative serosurveys and were subsequently verified as meeting the <1% HBsAg seroprevalence target in 2018.
¶ Fiji completed a subnational hepatitis B serosurvey in 2008 and is planning its first nationally representative survey for 2019.
** The Philippines conducted a nationally representative serosurvey in 2018 with preliminary results indicating a 0.7% HBsAg prevalence among children aged 5 years.