Table 3.
Results of the final model of the hierarchical multiple linear regression for the QoL domains
| Step | Predictor | Physical QoL (n = 92) | Psychological QoL (n = 120) | Social QoL (n = 123) | Environment QoL (n = 120) | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | SE | 95% CI for B | β | p | B | SE | 95% CI for B | β | p | B | SE | 95% CI for B | β | p | B | SE | 95% CI for B | β | p | ||
| 1 | Baseline QoL | 0.45 | 0.07 | 0.31–0.60 | 0.45 | < .001 | 0.48 | 0.11 | 0.26–0.71 | 0.38 | < .001 | 0.52 | 0.09 | 0.34–0.71 | 0.46 | < .001 | 0.32 | 0.09 | 0.14–0.51 | 0.33 | .001 |
| 2 | Loneliness | – | – | – | – | – | − 0.25 | 0.18 | − 0.11–0.61 | − 0.11 | .169 | – | – | – | – | – | − 0.16 | 0.16 | − 0.15–0.47 | − 0.09 | .313 |
| IPIP ES | – | – | – | – | – | 0.01 | 0.02 | − 0.02–0.05 | 0.05 | .467 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.02 | 0.02 | − 0.02–0.06 | 0.09 | .293 | |
| Social class | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | − 0.25 | 0.16 | − 0.56–0.06 | − 0.14 | .119 | |
| 3 | ADL chg | − 0.64 | 0.20 | − 1.04 to −0.23 | − 0.23 | .002 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Depression chg | − 0.67 | 0.19 | − 1.05–0.30 | − 0.27 | .001 | − 0.26 | 0.15 | − 0.56–0.04 | − 0.13 | .083 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Anxiety chg | – | – | – | – | – | − 0.42 | 0.14 | − 0.70 to − 0.15 | − 0.21 | .002 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| 4 | ADL w4 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | − 0.05 | 0.03 | − 0.11–0.01 | − 0.14 | .098 |
| Anxiety | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | − 0.06 | 0.05 | − 0.16–0.04 | − 0.10 | .245 | |
| Depression | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | − 0.06 | 0.06 | − 0.19–0.06 | − 0.09 | .331 | |
| Grip strength | 0.24 | 0.18 | − 0.11–0.59 | 0.10 | .178 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| BMI | − 0.12 | 0.05 | − 0.22–.02 | − 0.17 | .020 | ||||||||||||||||
| Self-rated health | 0.35 | 0.23 | − 0.10–0.80 | 0.12 | .123 | 0.58 | 0.17 | 0.25–0.92 | 0.26 | .001 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.31 | 0.16 | − 0.00–0.61 | 0.16 | .050 | |
| Adjusted r2 | .585 | .474 | .203 | .332 | |||||||||||||||||
Bold indicates significant predictors after false discovery rate calculation (approx. p < .035). Step 1 = baseline QoL (age 79; equivalent measure to outcome); step 2 = other baseline variables (age 79); step 3 = change variables (age 79–90); step 4 = current variables (age 90)
QoL quality of life, ADL activities of daily living (measured with Townsend Functional Ability Scale), IPIP ES International Personality Item Pool Emotional Stability, Chg change, BMI Body Mass Index