Table 2.

Detection of miR-424(322)/-503 as biomarkers in body fluids

miRNA	Disease or physiological status	Sample	Expression change	Method	Refs.
miR-424	Breast cancer	Serum	+	SdM-RT-PCR	[142]
miR-424	Advanced NSCLC	Blood	+	miRNA microarray	[141]
miR-424	FXTAS	Blood	+	miRNA microarray and sequencing	[143]
miR-424	ALS	Skeletal muscle, plasma	+	miRNA microarray	[139]
miR-503	Vertebral fractures	Serum	−	qRT-PCR	[144]
miR-503	Postmenopausal osteoporosis	Blood	−	miRNA microarray	[145]
miR-424	PH	Serum	+	qRT-PCR	[146]
miR-424-5p	Type 1 diabetes	Serum	+	qRT-PCR	[147]
miR-424-5p	DVT	Plasma	+	qRT-PCR array	[148]
miR-424-5p	AMI	Serum	+	qRT-PCR array	[138]
miR-424-5p	Heart failure	Plasma	−	qRT-PCR array	[149]
miR-503	CAD	Plasma	−	qRT-PCR	[150]
miR-424-3p, miR-424-5p	Aerobic exercise	Serum	+	qRT-PCR	[151]

sdM-RT-PCR serum-direct multiplex detection assay based on RT-PCR, NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer, FXTAS fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome, ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, PH pulmonary hypertension, DVT deep-vein thrombosis, AMI acute myocardial infarction, CAD coronary artery disease