Table 2.
Appropriate and inappropriate antibiotic usage per virus. a. Paediatric cohort. b. Adult cohort. Viral and bacterial diagnoses based on expert panel diagnoses. Mixed infection was considered as bacterial. Data shown represent the numbers of positive PCR of nasal swabs performed for the study and N (%) of patients in this group receiving antibiotics. RSV respiratory syncytial virus
| a. | ||||
| Paediatric | Viral N = 209 | Bacterial N = 75 | ||
| Viruses detecteda | Antibiotic usec | Viruses detected | Antibiotic use | |
| Adenovirus | 28 | 12(43) | 2 | 2(100) |
| Bocavirus | 22 | 7(32) | 5 | 5(100) |
| Influenza virus | 30 | 10(33) | 6 | 6(100) |
| Rhinovirus | 45 | 16(36) | 17 | 16(94) |
| RSV | 75 | 32(43) | 23 | 22(96) |
| Otherb | 26 | 11(42) | 8 | 8(100) |
| b. | ||||
| Adult | Viral N = 89 | Bacterial N = 143 | ||
| Viruses detected | Antibiotic usec | Viruses detected | Antibiotic use | |
| Influenza virus | 35 | 30(86) | 17 | 16(94) |
| Rhinovirus | 16 | 12(75) | 6 | 6(100) |
| RSV | 14 | 13(93) | 4 | 4(100) |
| Otherd | 11 | 10(91) | 8 | 8(100) |
aAs some patients tested positive for more than one virus, the total number of detected viruses is higher than the number of patients. bIncludes coronavirus, human metapneumovirus, and parainfluenza virus. cNumbers of antibiotic usages are given per virus. As some patients tested positive for more than one virus, the total antibiotic usage is different with respect to the numbers given in Fig. 1. dIncludes adenovirus, bocavirus, coronavirus, human metapneumovirus and parainfluenza virus