Table 2. Descriptive statistics by mother’s knowledge and education.
| Variable | Mother’s Knowledge | Difference test | Mother’s Education | Difference test | Pool | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low | High | Low | High | ||||
| Outcome Variables | |||||||
| Height-for-age z-scores (index) | -1.73 | -0.87 | -0.86*** | -1.70 | -0.69 | -1.01*** | -1.32 |
| (0.040) | (0.040) | (0.038) | (0.044) | (0.029) | |||
| Weight-for-height z-scores (index) | -1.03 | -0.84 | -0.19*** | -1.03 | -0.79 | -0.23*** | -0.94 |
| (0.032) | (0.029) | (0.030) | (0.033) | (0.022) | |||
| Prevalence of Stunting (HAZ <-2SD) (%) | 46 | 27 | 45 | 22 | 37 | ||
| Prevalence of Wasting (WHZ <-2SD) (%) | 28 | 19 | 27 | 18 | 24 | ||
| Mother characteristics | |||||||
| Mother’s knowledge (index) | -1.09 | 1.09 | -2.09*** | -0.49 | 0.80 | -1.28*** | 0.00 |
| (0.008) | (0.018) | (0.018) | (0.028) | (0.018) | |||
| Mother’s education (years) | 1.45 | 6.19 | -4.74*** | 0.37 | 9.19 | -8.82*** | 3.72 |
| (0.06) | (0.102) | (0.021) | (0.068) | (0.070) | |||
| Mother had no education (0/1) | 0.79 | 0.31 | 0.48*** | 0.90 | 0.90*** | 0.56 | |
| Mother had primary education (0/1) | 0.14 | 0.26 | -0.12*** | 0.10 | 0.36 | -0.25*** | 0.20 |
| Mother had secondary & above education (0/1) | 0.07 | 0.43 | -0.36*** | 0.64 | -0.64*** | 0.24 | |
| Mother’s age (years) | 27.72 | 28.37 | -0.65*** | 28.09 | 27.92 | 0.18 | 28.03 |
| (0.142) | (0.139) | (0.131) | (0.154) | (0.099) | |||
| Mother’s age at first birth (years) | 17.95 | 19.48 | -1.53*** | 17.87 | 20.01 | -2.14*** | 18.68 |
| (0.065) | (0.085) | (0.061) | (0.096) | (0.054) | |||
| Number of children (numbers) | 4.38 | 3.86 | 0.51*** | 4.55 | 3.45 | 1.10*** | 4.13 |
| (0.053) | (0.051) | (0.049) | (0.053) | (0.038) | |||
| Child characteristics | |||||||
| Child is a boy (0/1) | 0.49 | 0.53 | 0.51*** | 0.50 | 0.53 | -0.01** | 0.51 |
| Child’s age (months) | 13.20 | 14.37 | -1.17*** | 13.70 | 13.85 | -0.15 | 13.76 |
| (0.093) | (0.106) | (0.088) | (0.119) | (0.071) | |||
| Child from multiple birth (0/1) | 0.01 | 0.03 | -0.02*** | 0.02 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.02 |
| Child’s birthweight is > 2.49 kg (0/1) | 0.80 | 0.87 | -0.07*** | 0.81 | 0.88 | -0.08*** | 0.84 |
| Household and region characteristics | |||||||
| Household members (numbers) | 7.34 | 6.76 | 0.58*** | 7.48 | 6.38 | 1.10*** | 7.07 |
| (0.067) | (0.069) | (0.064) | (0.072) | (0.049) | |||
| Poorest tercile wealth index (0/1) | 0.81 | 0.37 | 0.42*** | 0.80 | 0.28 | 0.52*** | 0.61 |
| Middle tercile wealth index (0/1) | 0.14 | 0.30 | -0.17*** | 0.15 | 0.32 | -0.17*** | 0.22 |
| Wealthiest tercile wealth index (0/1) | 0.06 | 0.31 | -0.25*** | 0.05 | 0.40 | -0.35*** | 0.18 |
| North Central (0/1) | 0.11 | 0.21 | -0.09*** | 0.12 | 0.22 | -0.11*** | 0.16 |
| North East (0/1) | 0.25 | 0.21 | 0.04*** | 0.29 | 0.14 | 0.14*** | 0.23 |
| North West (0/1) | 0.54 | 0.16 | 0.38*** | 0.52 | 0.11 | 0.41*** | 0.36 |
| South East (0/1) | 0.01 | 0.10 | -0.09*** | 0.01 | 0.13 | -0.12*** | 0.05 |
| South South (0/1) | 0.05 | 0.23 | -0.18*** | 0.04 | 0.28 | -0.24*** | 0.13 |
| South West (0/1) | 0.04 | 0.09 | -0.05*** | 0.03 | 0.11 | -0.08*** | 0.06 |
| Number of observations | 2,583 | 2,358 | 3,068 | 1,873 | 4,941 | ||
Source: Authors’ computation from the Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), 2013
Note: The significance tests between recipients and non-recipients are the t-test for continuous variables and the
Pearson chi2 test for categorical variables. Standard deviations are presented in parentheses.
*** p < 0.01.
**p < 0.05.
* p < 0.10.