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. 2019 Feb 28;14(2):e0212969. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212969

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© 2019 DeNegre et al

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Fig 2 — In both Indonesia (2a) and Swaziland (2b), and under conditions of both high (H) and low (L) TB prevalence, AIDS-immunocompromised hosts are individually responsible for considerably more emergence that would be expected given their prevalence in each country. (We have made the simplifying assumption that HIV/AIDS+, HAART+ hosts are functionally immunocompetent except with respect to loss of immune memory.) Under conditions of high (H) and low (L) TB prevalence, we compare health status-based TB incidence in Indonesia (2c) and Swaziland (2d), visualizing conditions of both actual and zero HIV/AIDS prevalence. In both countries, AIDS increases total incidence. In Swaziland, when TB prevalence is low, we observe an increase in incidence of 9.6%, relative to the AIDS-absent condition; when TB prevalence is high, the relative increase in incidence is 9.9%. In Indonesia, the changes in TB incidence are much more pronounced, with an observed 167.9% increase when TB prevalence is low and a 167.12% increase when TB prevalence is high. Immunocompetent. (We assume 20% adherence to antibiotics, except where specifically noted. [25]).