Table 2.

Risk factors for chronic post ICU pain.

Primary author and year	Patient population	Sample size	Risk factors identified
Battle 2013	Medical and surgical ICU	196	Increasing age and sepsis risk for chronic pain using multivariate analysis
Baumbach 2016	Medical and surgical ICU	207	Sepsis was not a risk factor for chronic pain
Boyle 2004	Medical and surgical ICU	52 (6 months)	Chronic pain patients had longer hospital LOS and longer time of ventilation
Granja 2002	Medical and surgical ICU	275	Surgical or trauma diagnosis associated with pain/discomfort using multiple logistic regression
Timmers 2011	Surgical ICU	575	Patient sex and trauma surgery independently associated with pain/discomfort

LOS, length of stay.