Fig. 6. Comparison of evolutionary patterns and DNA methylation between singletons and homeologs.
a–c Comparison of Ka, Ks, and Ka/Ks between singleton genes and homeologs. Ka, Ks, and Ka/Ks values were estimated by pairwise comparison of orthologous genes between pear or peach and strawberry. d Comparison of CG and CHG methylation levels between singletons and homeologs in pear subgenome 1. e Comparison of CG and CHG methylation levels between singletons and homeologs in pear subgenome 2. The regions with significant DNA methylation differences are indicated by a horizontal line with a two-way arrow. Singletons and homeologs are shown in green and red in d and e. Mann–Whitney U test: *p-value < 0.05. **p-value < 0.01