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. 2019 Feb 28;9:3097. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37935-3

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in different brain regions of control (CS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) mice. Representative sections of AChE histoenzymology in different brain regions: (A,B) prefrontal cortex (PFC), (C,D) cerebral cortex (CC), (E,F) striatum (NCP), (G,H) amygdala (AMG), (I,J) hippocampus (HP) and (K,L) substantia nigra (SN). 20 µm thick sections from glycerol perfused brain were stained for AChE histoenzymology. The activity of the enzyme AChE, indicated by colour intensity, was found to be decreased in all the brain regions of CKD mice (B,D,F,H,J,L), compared to CS (A,C,E,G,I,K). Photographs were taken under bright field illumination at 4× magnification. The activity of AChE (in mu/mg protein) in the brain tissue homogenates from the same regions was also estimated following Ellman method. (M) Distribution of AChE activity values in different groups – CS and CKD shown as box plot. The box extends from 25^th to 75^th percentile, the horizontal line inside the box represent median, and the whiskers delimit minimum to maximum values. The dot within the box represents the mean of the group with 95% confidence interval denoted by error bars. An unpaired Student’s t-test (two-tailed) was used to calculate P-values.*P ≤ 0.05 as compared to CS was considered statistically significant (n = 6).