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. 2019 Feb 28;9:3048. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39450-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Conceptual diagram of the causality links affecting behavioural decisions and related consequences in a heat-sensitive mountain ungulate such as the Alpine Ibex. NDVI stands for Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, a proxy for vegetation quality and quantity, whereas FCP stands for Faecal Crude Protein, a proxy for animal energy intake. Note that the increase of temperature is considered the main driver here among other potential covariates that are predicted to vary as a consequence of climate change.