H2O2induces PKA oxidation (PKA dimer formation) in HPAECs. Western blot analysis of PKA dimer, PKA monomer, and total PKA in HPAECs exposed to 0 or 100 µM of H2O2 for 10 min, (n = 3); *p < 0.05 and ***p < 0.001. All data are shown as means ± S.E.M. by Student’s t-test. Under non-reducing conditions dimerized PKA (oxidized) and monomer PKA (non-oxidized) appears whereas under reducing conditions, samples were supplemented with 2-mercaptoethanol (5%), total PKA appears. The ratio of total PKA to β-actin was determined for reduced samples, and the ratio of dimerized and monomer PKA to total PKA was determined for non-reduced samples.