TABLE 2.
Characteristics of Adolescents Enrolling at Study Facilities in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda Over Four Periods Between 2001 and 2014
| Characteristic Younger Adolescents |
Period of Enrollment |
P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001–2004 |
2005–2009 |
2010–2012 |
2013–2014 |
||
| n (%) |
n (%) |
n (%) |
n (%) |
||
| n = 153 | n = 1672 | n = 1074 | n = 342 | ||
| Female sex | 72 (47.1) | 907 (54.3) | 607(56.5) | 208 (60.8) | 0.003 |
| Receipt of PCP prophylaxis | 127 (83.0) | 1527 (91.3) | 1041(96.9) | 336 (98.3) | <0.0001 |
| Receipt of isoniazid for TB prophylaxis | 16 (10.5) | 81 (4.8) | 24(2.2) | 9 (2.6) | <0.0001 |
| CD4 at enrollment, median (IQR) | 188 (52-444) | 262 (93-471) | 307(117-550) | 379 (144-662) | <0.0001 |
| CD4 at ART initiation, median (IQR) | 140 (33-329) | 172 (56-298) | 221(74-385) | 233 (73-479) | <0.0001 |
| WHO stage at enrollment* | |||||
| Stage 1 and 2 | 41 (26.8) | 722 (43.2) | 472(44) | 85 (24.9) | — |
| Stage 3 and 4 | 49 (32.0) | 466 (27.9) | 243(22.6) | 17 (5.0) | — |
| Missing | 63 (41.2) | 484 (29.0) | 359(33.4) | 240 (70.2) | — |
| WHO stage at ART initiation*† | |||||
| Stage 1 and 2 | 21 (14.4) | 432 (32.7) | 341(39.5) | 48 (20.6) | — |
| Stage 3 and 4 | 82 (56.2) | 603 (45.7) | 281(32.6) | 15 (6.4) | — |
| Missing | 43 (29.5) | 285 (21.6) | 241(27.9) | 170 (73.0) | — |
| Older Adolescents | n = 82 | n = 1234 | n= 1069 | n = 718 | |
| Female sex | 58 (70.7) | 959 (77.7) | 857(80.2) | 594 (82.7) | 0.0013 |
| Receipt of PCP prophylaxis | 46 (56.1) | 907 (73.5) | 1021(95.5) | 717 (99.9) | <0.0001 |
| Receipt of isoniazid for TB prophylaxis | 24(29.3) | 124(10.1) | 34(3.2) | 26 (3.6) | <0.0001 |
| CD4 at enrollment, median (IQR) | 225 (25-520) | 322 (134-529) | 398(178-612) | 427 (261 -646) | <0.0001 |
| CD4 at ART initiation, median (IQR) | 64 (13-246) | 153 (57-258) | 219(63-358) | 323 (157-480) | <0.0001 |
| WHO stage at enrollment* | |||||
| Stage 1 and 2 | 35 (42.7) | 643 (52.1) | 611(57.2) | 468 (65.2) | — |
| Stage 3 and 4 | 17 (20.7) | 234 (19.0) | 136(12.7) | 82 (11.4) | — |
| Missing | 30 (36.6) | 357 (28.9) | 322(30.1) | 168 (23.4) | — |
| WHO stage at ART initiation*† | |||||
| Stage 1 and 2 | 18 (28.6) | 303 (42.7) | 340(49.9) | 300 (59.5) | — |
| Stage 3 and 4 | 24 (38.1) | 246 (34.7) | 183(26.8) | 84 (16.7) | — |
| Missing | 21 (33.3) | 160 (22.6) | 159(23.3) | 120 (23.8) | — |
| Total Adolescents | n = 235 | n = 2906 | n= 2143 | n = 1060 | |
| Female sex | 130 (55.3) | 1866 (64.2) | 1464(68.3) | 802 (75.7) | <0.0001 |
| Receipt of PCP prophylaxis | 202 (86.0) | 2618 (90.1) | 2096(97.8) | 1057 (99.7) | <0.0001 |
| Receipt of isoniazid for TB prophylaxis | 47 (20.0) | 238 (8.2) | 69(3.2) | 37 (3.5) | <0.0001 |
| CD4 at enrollment, median (IQR) | 197 (45-444) | 281 (105-491) | 352(143-588) | 419 (207-652) | <0.0001 |
| CD4 at ART initiation, median (IQR) | 126 (20-320) | 164 (56-280) | 221(71-371) | 309 (124-480) | <0.0001 |
| WHO stage at enrollment* | |||||
| Stage 1 and 2 | 76 (32.3) | 1365 (47.0) | 1083(50.5) | 553 (52.2) | — |
| Stage 3 and 4 | 66 (28.1) | 700 (24.1) | 379(17.7) | 99 (9.3) | — |
| Missing | 93 (39.6) | 841 (28.9) | 681(31.8) | 408 (38.5) | — |
| WHO stage at ART initiation*† | |||||
| Stage 1 and 2 | 39 (18.7) | 735 (36.2) | 681(44.1) | 348 (47.2) | — |
| Stage 3 and 4 | 106 (50.7) | 849 (41.8) | 464(30.0) | 99 (13.4) | — |
| Missing | 64 (30.6) | 445 (21.9) | 400(25.9) | 290 (39.4) | — |
*
Statistical tests of significance were not performed for WHO stages given the high proportions of missing data.
†
Percentages expressed among total number of adolescents who initiated ART (n = 4520).
PCP, pneumocystis pneumonia; TB, tuberculosis.