Table 4.
Cox proportional hazard model analysis of prognostic factors in patients with bladder cancer
| Variable | OS | |
|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Univariate analysis | ||
| Gender | 0.209 | |
| Male | 1.000 (reference) | |
| Female | 0.613 (0.286–1.315) | |
| Age (years) | 0.286 | |
| <65 | 1.000 (reference) | |
| ≥65 | 1.393 (0.758–2.559) | |
| Tumor size | 0.607 | |
| <4 cm | 1.000 (reference) | |
| ≥4 cm | 0.846 (0.448–1.599) | |
| Tumor grade | 0.701 | |
| G1–2 | 1.000 (reference) | |
| G3 | 0.845 (0.359–1.992) | |
| Pathological T stage | 0.013 | |
| pTis/T1 | 1.000 (reference) | |
| pT2–4 | 2.520 (1.219–5.206) | |
| LNM | 0.024 | |
| pNx/pN0 | 1.000 (reference) | |
| pN+ | 2.192 (1.112–4.323) | |
| Metastasis | 0.011 | |
| M0 | 1.000 (reference) | |
| M1 | 3.379 (1.323–8.626) | |
| TNM stage | 0.025 | |
| Ois-I | 1.000 (reference) | |
| II–IV | 2.108 (1.098–4.05) | |
| KIF15 | , | 0.012 |
| Low/absent | 1.000 (reference) | |
| High | 2.152 (1.181–3.920) | |
| Multivariate analysis | ||
| Pathological T stage | 0.153 | |
| pTis/T1 | 1.000 (reference) | |
| pT2–4 | 3.366 (0.708–9.080) | |
| LNM | 0.735 | |
| pNx/pN0 | 1.000 (reference) | |
| pN+ | 1.166 (0.480–2.834) | |
| Metastasis | 0.237 | |
| M0 | 1.000 (reference) | |
| M1 | 2.061 (0.621–6.841) | |
| TNM stage | 0.668 | |
| Ois-I | 1.000 (reference) | |
| II–IV | 1.293 (0.400–4.180) | |
| KIF15 | 0.003 | |
| Low/absent | 1.000 (reference) | |
| High | 2.633 (1.390–4.988) | |
Notes: pN+ = pN1, pN2, or pN3. Ois = TisN0 M0.
Abbreviation: OS, overall survival.