Table 2.
Included studies of neuroleptanalgesia in patients with acute abdominal pain
| Author (year) | Design (N) | Population | Intervention | Comparison | Primary endpoints | Secondary endpoints |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emergency department | ||||||
| Roldan (2017)83 | Prospective Randomized Double-blind Controlled (33) | USA; 2 hospitals; emergency department; adult patients with acute exacerbation of previously diagnosed gastroparesis | Haloperidol 5 mg IM (single dose) | Placebo (single dose) + Conventional therapy | Pain intensity measured validated 10-point visual analog scale | 1. ED disposition 2. ED LOS 3. Nausea |
| Postoperative | ||||||
| Sharma (1993)82 | Prospective Randomized (42) | UK; hospital number not reported; post-op; adult women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy | PCA (no basal infusion) with bolus of Morphine 1 mg + droperidol 0.05 mg, and 5 minutes lockout (continued for 24 hours) | PCA (no basal infusion) with bolus of Morphine 1 mg, and 5 minutes lockout (continued for 24 hours) | Morphine consumption defined by mg of morphine received over 24 hours post-op | 1. Patient satisfaction with analgesia 2. Extrapyramidal side effects 3. Nausea |
| Laffey (2002)79 | Prospective Randomized Double-blind (30) | Ireland; 1 hospital; post-op; adult women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy | Post-op PCA of morphine (1.0 mg) plus cyclizine (2 mg). No basal infusion, 6-minute lock-out, 4 hours max morphine sulfate dose of 30 mg (continued for 48 hours) | Post-op PCA of morphine (1.0 mg) plus droperidol (0.05 mg). No basal infusion, 6-minute lock-out, 4 hours max morphine sulfate dose of 30 mg. (continued for 48 hours) | Pain intensity measured by 10 cm visual analog scale | 1. Nausea and vomiting 2. Sedation 3. Extra-pyramidal side effects |
| Liu (2003)80 | Prospective Randomized Double-blind (60) | China; 1 hospital; post-op; adult women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy | PCA (no basal infusion) with bolus of tramadol 20 mg + droperidol 0.1 mg; 10-minute lockout (continued for 36 hours) | PCA (no basal infusion) with bolus of tramadol 20 mg; 10-minute lockout. (continued for 36 hours) | 1. Pain intensity measured by 10 cm visual analog scale 2. Analgesia consumption defined by mg of morphine received over 36 hours post-op |
Side effects (sedation, nausea, vomiting, others) |
| Lo (2005)81 | Prospective Randomized Double-blind (179) | Taiwan; 1 hospital; post-op; adult women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy | PCA (no basal infusion) with bolus of morphine 1 mg + droperidol 0.05 mg. 5-minuite lockout. 4 hours morphine max of 30 mg (continued for 72 hours) | PCA (no basal infusion) with bolus of morphine 1 mg. 5-minuite lockout. 4 hours morphine max of 30 mg (continued for 72 hours) | 1. Pain intensity measured by a 10-point verbal rating scale 2. Morphine consumption defined by mg of morphine received over 72 hours post-op |
Side effects: extrapyramidal (restless, muscle spasms, involuntary/irregular movements) |
| Oliviera (2013)78 | Prospective Randomized Double-blind (90) | Brazil; 1 hospital; post-op; adult patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy | Ondansetron 8 mg IV + dexamethasone 8 mg + haloperidol 2 mg (single dose) | Ondansetron 8 mg IV Ondansetron 8 mg IV + dexamethasone 8 mg IV (both single dose) | 1. Nausea defined by a 10-point verbal numerical scale 2. Pain intensity defined by a 10-point verbal rating scale |
Morphine consumption defined by mg of morphine received over 36 hours post-op |
Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; LOS, length-of-stay; IM, intramuscular; PCA, patient-controlled analgesia; IV, intravenous; post-op, postoperative.