Lundstrom 2005.

Methods	Parallel RCT Ethics committee: approved by the local ethics committee Informed consents: written informed consents obtained Site: Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark Setting: university hospital Dates of data collection: from 3 January 2000 to 12 December 2000 Funding: this research was supported by The Danish Heart Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark, by research grants No. 99‐2‐3‐79‐22764 and 99‐1‐5‐92‐22709 Registration: unspecified
Participants	50 participants; mean age: 64.6 years; sex distribution: not reported Inclusion criteria Undergoing elective CABG Age greater than 18 years Sinus rhythm on preoperative ECG Written and oral informed consent Exclusion criteria Oral anticoagulation and coagulopathy
Interventions	Intervention Epidural analgesia (N = 26) Comparator Systemic analgesia (N = 24) Induction: midazolam, fentanyl, and pancuronium Maintenance: midazolam, pancuronium, and fentanyl or epidural analgesia Surgery: CABG with CPB
Outcomes	Relevant to this review Risk of mortality Risk of in‐hospital pulmonary complications (respiratory depression) Other Episodic hypoxaemia
Notes	Correspondence: email sent 16 March 2018; no reply Conflict of interest: not reported DOI: n/a
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	The randomization list was generated from a table of random numbers
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Quote: "the data analyses were blinded in relation to any clinical information"
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No loss to follow‐up
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All prespecified outcomes reported
Other bias	Low risk	No failed epidural reported No statistically significant differences between demographic data for the 2 groups