TABLE. and clinical characteristics of patients suspected of Chikugunya virus (CHIKV) infection during a community outbreak in Salvador, Brazil, according to CHIKV laboratory test results, April to June 2017.
Reported characteristics | Total suspected cases (n = 50) | Laboratory-confirmed casesa (n = 35) | Unconfirmed casesb (n = 15) | p-valuec |
Number (%) or median (interquartile range) | ||||
Demographic | ||||
Female | 23 (46) | 17 (48) | 6 (40) | 0.75 |
Median age | 38 (23 - 48) | 38 (23 - 48) | 42 (28 - 48) | 0.84 |
Clinical | ||||
Fever | 50 (100) | 35 (100) | 15 (100) | 1.00 |
Arthralgia | 50 (100) | 35 (100) | 15 (100) | 1.00 |
Polyarticulard | 45 (90) | 32 (91) | 13 (86) | 0.62 |
Symmetrice | 45 (90) | 31 (88) | 14 (93) | 1.00 |
Myalgia | 49 (98) | 35 (100) | 14 (93) | 0.30 |
Prostration | 43 (86) | 31 (88) | 12 (80) | 0.41 |
Chillsf | 39 (79) | 25 (74) | 14 (93) | 0.14 |
Headache | 36 (72) | 26 (76) | 10 (66) | 0.50 |
Retro-orbital pain | 30 (60) | 20 (57) | 10 (66) | 0.75 |
Pruritusg | 27 (56) | 18 (54) | 9 (60) | 0.76 |
Joint edema | 24 (48) | 17 (48) | 7 (46) | 1.00 |
Nausea | 22 (44) | 15 (42) | 7 (46) | 1.00 |
Rash | 21 (42) | 18 (51) | 3 (20) | 0.06 |
Conjunctival hyperemia | 20 (40) | 15 (42) | 5 (33) | 0.75 |
Vomit | 12 (24) | 8 (22) | 4 (26) | 1.00 |
Swollen lymph nodes | 7 (14) | 6 (17) | 1 (7) | 0.65 |
a: all 35 laboratory-confirmed patients were positive by CHIKV immunoglobulin M (IgM) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); eight of them were also positive by CHIKV reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); b: of the 15 unconfirmed patients suspected of CHIKV infection, eight were negative, two equivocal, and five not tested by CHIKV IgM ELISA; c: Fisher exact test p-values for the comparisons between confirmed and unconfirmed cases suspected of CHIKV infection; d: polyarticular arthralgia defined by pain in more than one joint; e: symmetric arthralgia defined by pain in at least one pair of joints; f: data not available for one laboratory-confirmed CHIKV infection case; g: data not available for two laboratory-confirmed CHIKV infection cases.