Table 4.
Five Logit Models for Past-Year Groupings of DSM-5 Alcohol Use Disorder Symptoms Among Sexual Minorities
| No Past-Year DSM-5 AUD Symptoms1 | Past-Year Impaired Control AUD Symptoms1 | Past-Year Social Impairment AUD Symptoms1 | Past-Year Risky Use AUD Symptoms1 | Past-Year Pharmacologic AUD Symptoms1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Covariates | AOR [95% CI] | AOR [95% CI] | AOR [95% CI] | AOR [95% CI] | AOR [95% CI] |
| Past-year sexual orientation discrimination scale2 | 0.96 [0.93, 1.00] | 1.03 [1.00, 1.08] | 1.07 [1.02, 1.12]* | 1.05 [1.00, 1.10] | 1.08 [1.03, 1.13]** |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | — | — | — | — | — |
| Female | 1.37 [1.10, 1.70]* | 0.75 [0.60, 0.93]* | 0.74 [0.52, 1.05] | 0.91 [0.73, 1.14] | 0.80 [0.61, 1.04] |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| White | — | — | — | — | — |
| Black | 0.88 [0.68, 1.15] | 1.18 [0.90, 1.54] | 1.33 [0.94, 1.90] | 1.02 [0.75, 1.39] | 1.55 [1.15, 2.07]* |
| Hispanic | 1.12 [0.89, 1.41] | 0.86 [0.67, 1.09] | 1.14 [0.76, 1.72] | 0.86 [0.61, 1.19] | 1.17 [0.87, 1.59] |
| Other | 1.18 [0.83, 1.69] | 0.90 [0.63, 1.29] | 1.02 [0.55, 1.86] | 0.82 [0.50, 1.35] | 1.29 [0.81, 2.07] |
| Age | |||||
| 65+ | — | — | — | — | — |
| 45–64 | 0.43 [0.28, 0.65]** | 2.84 [1.69, 4.75]** | 6.59 [2.26, 19.23]* | 3.14 [1.54, 6.40]* | 2.35 [1.24, 4.45]* |
| 25–44 | 0.25 [0.16, 0.38]** | 5.35 [3.07, 9.35]** | 10.20 [3.48, 29.93]** | 5.15 [2.55, 10.39]** | 3.90 [2.09, 7.29]** |
| 18–24 | 0.17 [0.11, 0.26]** | 6.78 [3.83, 11.99]** | 13.28 [4.47, 39.43]** | 7.45 [3.77, 14.73]** | 6.97 [3.73, 13.02]** |
| Educational Attainment | |||||
| HS or Less | — | — | — | — | — |
| GED/Some Coll. | 0.83 [0.67, 1.03] | 1.25 [0.98, 1.59] | 0.98 [0.71, 1.34] | 1.44 [1.13,1.83]* | 1.24 [0.96, 1.61] |
| College Grad + | 0.68 [0.51, 0.91]* | 1.42 [1.06, 1.90] | 0.78 [0.51, 1.19] | 1.49 [1.03, 2.14] | 1.09 [0.78, 1.53] |
| Urbanicity | |||||
| Urban | — | — | — | — | — |
| Rural | 1.41 [1.00, 2.00] | 0.72 [0.52, 1.00] | 0.93 [0.53, 1.63] | 0.71 [0.50, 1.00] | 0.72 [0.50, 1.04] |
| Geographical region | |||||
| Northeast | — | — | — | — | — |
| Midwest | 1.08 [0.76, 1.54] | 0.79 [0.54, 1.15] | 1.06 [0.65, 1.74] | 1.02 [0.68, 1.51] | 1.07 [0.67, 1.71] |
| South | 1.17 [0.89, 1.53] | 0.70 [0.52, 0.94] | 0.77 [0.47, 1.25] | 0.85 [0.60, 1.20] | 1.01 [0.67, 1.51] |
| West | 0.81 [0.60, 1.10] | 1.20 [0.86, 1.66] | 1.00 [0.62, 1.63] | 0.96 [0.67, 1.36] | 1.07 [0.70, 1.65] |
| Any other past-year substance use disorder (SUD)3 | |||||
| No past-year SUD | — | — | — | — | — |
| Any other past-year SUD | 0.33 [0.27, 0.40]** | 3.03 [2.43, 3.79]** | 3.87 [2.92, 5.13]** | 3.10 [2.47, 3.91]** | 3.44 [2.67, 4.43]*** |
| Lifetime conduct or antisocial disorder4 | |||||
| No disorder | — | — | — | — | — |
| Conduct/antisocial disorder | 0.76 [0.54, 1.05] | 1.40 [1.00, 1.98] | 2.28 [1.51, 3.42]** | 1.26 [0.90, 1.77] | 1.61 [1.11, 2.33] |
| Household history of substance problem by parent/adult | |||||
| No household history | — | — | — | — | — |
| Yes household history | 0.93 [0.74, 1.16] | 1.06 [0.86, 1.31] | 1.23 [0.91, 1.67] | 1.13 [0.88, 1.46] | 1.22 [0.87, 1.72] |
| Don’t know/missing/other | 2.43 [0.81, 7.28] | 0.57 [0.19, 1.68] | 1.36 [0.31, 6.01] | 0.78 [0.18, 3.28] | 0.39 [0.06, 2.50] |
Notes. AOR = odds ratio from logistic regression analyses adjusted for all covariates. 95% CI = confidence interval. The sample size was 3,463 for each of the five logit models.
Consistent with the DSM-5, the past-year alcohol use disorder criteria were grouped into the following categories: (1) impaired control (e.g., drank more or longer than intended, tried unsuccessfully to cut down, spent a lot of time drinking, craving); (2) social impairment (e.g., role interference, family/friend problems, gave up activities); (3) risky use (e.g., drink in risky situations, alcohol-related health problems); (4) pharmacologic (e.g., tolerance, withdrawal) (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
Sexual orientation discrimination scale consisted of actual counts of past-year sexual orientation discrimination experiences (0–24).
Any other past-year DSM-5 other substance use disorder consisted of cannabis, cocaine, heroin, hallucinogen, inhalant, prescription opioid, sedative/tranquilizer, stimulant, and/or other drug use disorder (e.g., ecstasy, ketamine).
DSM-5 conduct/antisocial personality disorder consisted of lifetime conduct disorder and/or antisocial personality disorder.
= reference group.
p <= 0.01
p <= 0.001.